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Hydrology and hydrogeology of Sakaryabaşı Karstic springs, Çifteler, Turkey

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Environmental Geology

Abstract

The Sakarya River is one of the largest rivers in Turkey and is fed mainly from Sakaryabaşı springs. The Sakaryabaşı springs are located in the Central Anatolia and issue from confined/semi-confined karst having a thermal component and therefore, having quite different hydrogeological characteristics as compared to the Taurus Karst region, a typical example of the Mediterranean type of karst. The karstic carbonate rocks that form the groundwater reservoir are overlain by a thick semi-pervious overburden of mainly clastics of Neogene age. Tectonics is the major factor controlling the occurrence of the karst springs in the area where topography is rather flat. This study aimed at explaining the occurrence and movement of the karst groundwater within the system by use of hydrogeological, chemical, and isotopic tools. Isotopic composition of the waters revealed that all waters in the region are of meteoric origin and the thermal component is due to deep circulation. The catchment area of the hydrogeological system extends to the south and groundwater movement is towards the outlets, which are in a depression along a major fault. The movement of the groundwater, based on analysis of remotely sensed images, is controlled mainly by structural elements.

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Acknowledgments

Gratitude is expressed to my students Ms. Füsun Güven and Ms. Nevin Ergeneli for their excellent cooperation and help. I thank also my student Mr. Noyan Güner for his help during the field studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hydrogeologist-Keystone Engineering and Consultancy, Ankara, Turkey

    G. Günay

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  1. G. Günay
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Correspondence to G. Günay.

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Günay, G. Hydrology and hydrogeology of Sakaryabaşı Karstic springs, Çifteler, Turkey. Environ Geol 51, 229–240 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0321-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0321-2

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