Abstract
Remote sensing data and GIS techniques have been used to compute runoff and soil erosion in the catchment area along the NH-1A between Udhampur and Kud covering an area of approximately 181 km2. Different thematic layers, for example lithology, a landuse and landcover map, geomorphology, a slope map, and a soil-texture map, were generated from these input data. By use of the US Soil Conservation Service curve number method, estimated runoff potential was classified into five levels—very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. Data integration was performed by use of the weighting rating technique, a conventional qualitative method, to give a runoff potential index value. The runoff potential index values were used to delineate the runoff potential zones, namely low, moderate, high, and very high. Annual spatial soil loss estimation was computed using the Morgan–Morgan–Finney mathematical model in conjunction with remote sensing data and GIS techniques. Greater soil erosion was found to occur in the northwestern part of the catchment area. When average soil loss from the catchment area was calculated it was found that a maximum average soil loss of more than 20 t ha−1 occurred in 31 km2 of the catchment area.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Burrough PA (1986) Principles of geographical information system for land resources assessment. Clarendon, Oxford
Chow VT (1964) Handbook of applied hydrology. McGraw-Hill, New York
De Roo APJ (2000) Modeling runoff and sediments transport in catchments using GIS. Hydrological applications of GIS. Wiley, New York
De Roo AP, Hazelhoff L, Burrough PA (1989) Soil erosion modeling using ‘ANSWERS’ and geographical information system. Earth Surf Process Landforms 14:517–532
Gupta RP, Saha AK, Arora MK, Kumar A (1999) Landslide hazard zonation in a part of the Bhagirathi valley, Garhwal Himalayas, using integrated remote sensing-GIS. J Himalayan Geol 20(2):71–87
ITC (1998) The integrated land and water information system (ILWIS), 3rd edn. International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Science, The Netherlands
Jain SK, Das KK, Singh R (1996) GIS for estimation of direct runoff potential. J Indian Water Resour Soc 2(1):42–47
Jain SK, Kumar N, Ahmad T, Kite GW (1998) SLURP model and GIS for estimation of runoff in part of Sutlej catchment, India. Hydrological Science Journal des sciences hydrologiuques 43(6):875–884
Jasrotia AS, Dhiman SD, Aggarwal SP (2002) Rainfall–runoff and soil erosion modeling using remote sensing and GIS techniques—a case study of tons watershed. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 30(1 and 2):167–180
Kothyari UC, Jain SK (1997) Sediments yield estimation using GIS. Proc IAHS 42(6):833–843
Marshrigni HS, Cruise JF (1997) Sediment yield modeling by grouped response units. J Water Resour Plan Manage Proc ASCE 123(2):95–104
Moore ID, Gessler PE, Nielsen GA, Peterson GA (1992) Terrain analysis for soil-specific crop management, in soil-specific crop management: a workshop on research and development issues. Minnesota Extension Services, University of Minnesota (Agriculture), Minneapolis, 23 pp
Moore I, Turner AK, Wilson JP, Jenson SK, Band LE (1993) GIS and land-surface–subsurface process modeling. In: Goodchild MF, Parks BO, Steyaert LT (eds) Environmental modeling with GIS. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Morgan RPC (1995) Soil erosion and conservation, 2nd edn. Longman, England
Morgan RPC, Morgan DDV, Finney HJ (1984) A predictive model for the assessment of soil erosion risk. J Agric Eng Res 30:235–253
Rewarts CC, Engel BA (1991) ANSWERS on GRASSS: integrated a watershed simulation model with a GIS. ASAE paper no. 91-2621, Proceedings of ASAE, St Joseph
Ross MA, Tara PD (1993) Integrated hydrologic modeling with geographic information system. J Water Resour Plan Manage ASCE 119(2):129–141
Saha SK, Bhattacharjee J, Lalengzuva C, Pande LM (1992) Prioritization of sub-watersheds based on erosion loss estimates—a case study of part of Song river watershed, Doon valley using digital satellite data. Proceedings of national symposium on remote sensing for sustainable development, Lucknow, 17–19 Nov, pp 181–186
Shamsi UM (1996) Storm water management implementation through modeling and GIS. J Water Res Plan Manage Proc ASCE 122(2):114–127
Singh RK, Aggarwal SP, Turdukulov U, Prasad VH (2002) Prioritization of Bata river basin using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Indian J Soil Conserv 30(3):200–205
Srinivasan R, Engle BA (1994) A spatial decision support system for assessing the agricultural non-point source pollution. Water Resour Bull 309(3):441–452
Acknowledgments
The authors are highly thankful to the Head of the Department of Geology, University of Jammu, Jammu, for providing the facility to carry out this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jasrotia, A.S., Singh, R. Modeling runoff and soil erosion in a catchment area, using the GIS, in the Himalayan region, India. Environ Geol 51, 29–37 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0301-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0301-6