Abstract
The pathogenesis of gut microbiota in humans can be indicated due to the wide application of techniques, such as 16S rRNA sequencing. Presently, several studies have found a significant difference in fecal flora between normal individuals and patients with gastric cancer. Although clinical research on the feedback mechanism of gastric flora and gut microbiota is lacking, clarifying the relationship between gut microbiota and the characteristics of cancer is significant for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer. This study was conducted to review the results of several studies in the past 5 years and analyze the intestinal bacteria in patients with gastric cancer and compare them with those in patients with esophageal and small intestine cancers. It was found that the gut microbiota in patients with gastric cancer was similar to that in patients with esophageal cancer. However, making an analysis and comparing the gut microbiota in patients with small intestine and gastric cancers was impossible due to the low incidence of small intestinal cancer. Our review summarized the research progress on using the gut microbiota for early screening for gastric cancer, and the results of this study will provide a further direction in this field.
Key points
• We reviewed several relative mechanisms of the gut microbiota related to gastric cancer.
• The gut microbiota in gastric, esophageal, and small intestine cancers are significantly different in types and quantity, and we have provided some tips for further research.
• A prospective review of sequencing methods and study results on the gut microbiota in gastric, esophageal, and small intestine cancers was described.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Jian Shen in Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital for assistance with manuscript editing.
Funding
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81830071), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China (LQ21H200007), and the Medicine and Health Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China (2019RC012).
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JXL and YQD designed and supervised this study; CCC drafted this manuscript; and LJC, LJL, and DZJ revised this manuscript critically for important intellectual content.
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Chen, C., Chen, L., Lin, L. et al. Research progress on gut microbiota in patients with gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and small intestine cancer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 105, 4415–4425 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11358-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11358-z