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Solid lipid nanoparticle loaded with paromomycin: in vivo efficacy against Leishmania tropica infection in BALB/c mice model

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Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted through the bite of an infected phlebotomine sand fly and caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. There is no available vaccine for leishmaniasis in human, and the current chemotherapy approaches are hampered by different clinical problems. Most of available drugs are confined to a limited number of toxic chemical compounds, which some parasite strains have evolved drug resistance against. Hence, drug discovery and production of a new anti leishmanial compound is essential. One promising strategy is using the nanoparticle delivery systems with the aim of accelerating the efficacy of the available treatments. In the present study, paromomycin sulfate (PM) was formulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and the in vivo efficacy was investigated against Leishmania tropica in BALB/c mice model. To do so, the increase in footpad thickness was measured and real-time PCR was performed to quantify the parasite load after infectious challenge. The level of nitric oxide and cytokines including interleukin-4 (IL-4) and gamma interferon (IFN -γ) were assessed. Altogether, the results show that PM loaded into SLN is significantly more effective than PM alone in inhibiting the parasite propagation and switching towards Th1 response.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciatively acknowledge S. Alizadeh (Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran) for his technical help. This work was financially supported by grants from the Pasteur Institute of Iran to Ph.D. student Maryam Heidari-Kharaji and National Science Foundation of Iran (grant no. 94013422) to Sima Rafati.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Heidari-Kharaji, Tahereh Taheri, Sima Habibzadeh & Sima Rafati

  2. Regulatory Department, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran

    Delaram Doroud

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  1. Maryam Heidari-Kharaji
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Correspondence to Sima Rafati.

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Heidari-Kharaji, M., Taheri, T., Doroud, D. et al. Solid lipid nanoparticle loaded with paromomycin: in vivo efficacy against Leishmania tropica infection in BALB/c mice model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100, 7051–7060 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7422-y

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