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Cytochromes P450 as promising catalysts for biotechnological application: chances and limitations

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Abstract

Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) belong to the superfamily of heme b containing monooxygenases with currently more than 21,000 members. These enzymes accept a vast range of organic molecules and catalyze diverse reactions. These extraordinary capabilities of CYP systems that are unmet by other enzymes make them attractive for biotechnology. However, the complexity of these systems due to the need of electron transfer from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) via redox partner proteins for the initial hydroxylation step limits a broader technical implementation of CYP enzymes. There have been several reviews during the past years tackling the potential CYPs for synthetic application. The aim of this review is to give a critical overview about possibilities and chances for application of these interesting catalysts as well as to discuss drawbacks and problems related to their use. Solutions to overcome these limitations will be demonstrated, and several selected examples of successful CYP applications under industrial conditions will be reviewed.

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Acknowledgments

The work was generously supported by the BMBF grant FKZ 031A166. The authors thank Antje Eiden-Plach for technical support.

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  1. Institute of Biochemistry, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Rita Bernhardt

  2. Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Vlada B. Urlacher

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Correspondence to Rita Bernhardt or Vlada B. Urlacher.

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Bernhardt, R., Urlacher, V.B. Cytochromes P450 as promising catalysts for biotechnological application: chances and limitations. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 98, 6185–6203 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5767-7

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