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Lipopeptides, a novel protein, and volatile compounds contribute to the antifungal activity of the biocontrol agent Bacillus atrophaeus CAB-1

  • Applied microbial and cell physiology
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Abstract

Bacillus atrophaeus CAB-1 displays a high inhibitory activity against various fungal pathogens and suppresses cucumber powdery mildew and tomato gray mold. We extracted and identified lipopeptides and secreted proteins and volatile compounds produced by strain CAB-1 to investigate the mechanisms involved in its biocontrol performance. In vitro assays indicated all three types of products contributed to the antagonistic activity against the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Each of these components also effectively prevented the occurrence of the cucumber powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea under greenhouse conditions. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry revealed that the major bioactive lipopeptide was fengycin A (C15–C17). We isolated the crude-secreted proteins of CAB-1 and purified a fraction with antifungal activity. This protein sequence shared a high identity with a putative phage-related pre-neck appendage protein, which has not been reported as an antifungal factor. The volatile compounds produced by CAB-1 were complex, including a range of alcohols, phenols, amines, and alkane amides. O-anisaldehyde represented one of the most abundant volatiles with the highest inhibition on the mycelial growth of B. cinerea. To our knowledge, this is the first report on profiling three types of antifungal substances in Bacilli and demonstrating their contributions to plant disease control.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the Outstanding Talents Program of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the National High Technology Research and Development Program (“863” Program) of China (2011AA10A205). We thank Dr. Li-Qun Zhang (China Agriculture University) for reviewing and giving valuable comments to improve the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, 071000, China

    Xiaoyun Zhang, Baoqing Li, Qinggang Guo, Xiuyun Lu, Shezeng Li & Ping Ma

  2. Wood Science Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada

    Ye Wang

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  1. Xiaoyun Zhang
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  2. Baoqing Li
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Correspondence to Ping Ma.

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Zhang, X., Li, B., Wang, Y. et al. Lipopeptides, a novel protein, and volatile compounds contribute to the antifungal activity of the biocontrol agent Bacillus atrophaeus CAB-1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97, 9525–9534 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5198-x

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