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Changes in Carbon Partitioning and Pattern of Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Induced by Arginine Treatment in the Green Microalga Dunaliella salina Under Long-Term Salinity

  • Physiology and Biotechnology
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Abstract

In this work, the effects of arginine (Arg) on biochemical responses and antioxidant enzyme activity in the green microalga Dunaliella salina grown at different salt concentrations were investigated. Suspensions adapted with the concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 M NaCl were treated at the exponential growth phase with a concentration of 5 mM Arg. Salt stress was associated with a large decrease in the number of cells and non-reducing sugar levels but accumulated higher amounts of chlorophyll, β-carotene, reducing sugar, starch, total protein, free amino acid, and glycerol. Increased levels of protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, proteolysis, hydrogen peroxide, and antioxidant enzyme activity also occurred during salinity. Arg treatment changed the pattern of biochemical responses in the cells grown at high salinity by directing carbon flow to the biosynthesis of non-reducing sugars instead of starch, lowering levels of hydrogen peroxide, and downregulating antioxidant enzyme activity, but the levels of lipid peroxidation, glycerol, and β-carotene remained nearly unchanged. These results suggest that Arg treatment alleviates salinity-induced oxidative stress in D. salina cells by modifying carbon partitioning and inducing signaling molecules rather than antioxidant enzymes.

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Data Availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

No conflicts, informed consent, human or animal rights are applicable to this study.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the USB Deputy of Research for monetary contributions in the form of a grant to Z.B. for the M.Sc. research project.

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This work was supported by the University of Sistan and Baluchestan.

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  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

    Zahra Bamary & Alireza Einali

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Zahra Bamary: Laboratory investigation. Alireza Einali: Supervision, conceptualization, writing—original draft preparation, funding acquisition, experimental design, data curation, formal analysis, project administration, writing—reviewing and editing. All authors have read and approved the submitted manuscript.

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Bamary, Z., Einali, A. Changes in Carbon Partitioning and Pattern of Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Induced by Arginine Treatment in the Green Microalga Dunaliella salina Under Long-Term Salinity. Microb Ecol 84, 198–212 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01843-3

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