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Anaerobic oxidation of petroleum hydrocarbons in enrichment cultures from sediments of the Gorevoy Utes natural oil seep under methanogenic and sulfate-reducing conditions

  • Environmental Microbiology
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Abstract

This article presents the first experimental data on the ability of microbial communities from sediments of the Gorevoy Utes natural oil seep to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons under anaerobic conditions. Like in marine ecosystems associated with oil discharge, available electron acceptors, in particular sulfate ions, affect the composition of the microbial community and the degree of hydrocarbon conversion. The cultivation of the surface sediments under sulfate-reducing conditions led to the formation of a more diverse bacterial community and greater loss of n-alkanes (28%) in comparison to methanogenic conditions (6%). Microbial communities of both surface and deep sediments are more oriented to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), to which the degree of the PAH conversion testifies (up to 46%) irrespective of the present electron acceptors. Microorganisms with the uncultured closest homologues from thermal habitats, sediments of mud volcanoes, and environments contaminated with hydrocarbons mainly represented microbial communities of enrichment cultures. The members of the phyla Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Caldiserica (OP5), as well as the class Deltaproteobacteria and Methanomicrobia, were mostly found in enrichment cultures. The influence of gas-saturated fluids may be responsible for the presence in the bacterial 16S rRNA gene libraries of the sequences of “rare taxa”: Planctomycetes, Ca. Atribacteria (OP9), Ca. Armatimonadetes (OP10), Ca. Latescibacteria (WS3), Ca. division (AC1), Ca. division (OP11), and Ca. Parcubacteria (OD1), which can be involved in hydrocarbon oxidation.

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Acknowledgements

Experimental cultivation, determination of the chemical composition of pore water in sediments and of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and n-alkanes in model experiments were carried out using the equipment of the freshwater aquarium complex and Collective Instrumental Center Ultramicroanalysis at Limnological Institute SB RAS; the Sanger reaction was performed by the SB RAS Genomics Core Facility (ICBFM SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia).

Funding

This work was supported by State Task number 0279-2021-0006 (121032300223-1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Microbiology, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    O. N. Pavlova, S. M. Chernitsyna & T. I. Zemskaya

  2. Laboratory of Chromatography, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    O. N. Izosimova & A. G. Gorshkov

  3. Laboratory of Hydrology and Hydrophysics, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    V. G. Ivanov

  4. Laboratory of Hydrochemistry and Atmosphere Chemistry, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    T. V. Pogodaeva

  5. Laboratory of Lake Baikal Geology, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    A. V. Khabuev

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  1. O. N. Pavlova
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  2. O. N. Izosimova
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  3. S. M. Chernitsyna
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  4. V. G. Ivanov
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  5. T. V. Pogodaeva
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  6. A. V. Khabuev
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  7. A. G. Gorshkov
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  8. T. I. Zemskaya
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Contributions

Pavlova O.N. performed data analysis and wrote the manuscript; Izosimova O.N. and Gorshkov A.G. determined PAHs and n-alkanes in model experiments; Chernitsyna S.M. analyzed molecular biological data; Ivanov V.G. measured methane in bottom sediments and experimental samples; Pogodaeva T.V. conducted a chemical analysis of the composition of pore waters from sediments and storage cultures; Khabuev A.V. sampled sediments and described lithological core; Zemskaya T.I. coordinated the project and revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to O. N. Pavlova.

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Supplementary Information

Supplementary Fig. 1

Diversity of microbial community of the studied samples. The dependence of the number of phylotypes at the genus level (genetic distance 0.03) on the number of obtained sequences of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene region. Rarefaction curves of partial sequences of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. (a) Archaea; (b) Bacteria (PNG 217 kb)

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Pavlova, O.N., Izosimova, O.N., Chernitsyna, S.M. et al. Anaerobic oxidation of petroleum hydrocarbons in enrichment cultures from sediments of the Gorevoy Utes natural oil seep under methanogenic and sulfate-reducing conditions. Microb Ecol 83, 899–915 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01802-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01802-y

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