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Cytoskeletal Alteration Is an Early Cellular Response in Pulmonary Epithelium Infected with Aspergillus fumigatus Rather than Scedosporium apiospermum

  • Host Microbe Interactions
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Abstract

Invasive aspergillosis and scedosporiosis are life-threatening fungal infections with similar clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patients. Contrarily, Scedosporium apiospermum is susceptible to some azole derivative but often resistant to amphotericin B. Histopathological examination alone cannot diagnose these two fungal species. Pathogenesis studies could contribute to explore candidate protein markers for new diagnosis and treatment methods leading to a decrease in mortality. In the present study, proteomics was conducted to identify significantly altered proteins in A549 cells infected with or without Aspergillus fumigatus and S. apiospermum as measured at initial invasion. Protein validation was performed with immunogold labelling alongside immunohistochemical techniques in infected A549 cells and lungs from murine models. Further, cytokine production was measured, using the Bio-Plex-Multiplex immunoassay. The cytoskeletal proteins HSPA9, PA2G4, VAT1, PSMA2, PEX1, PTGES3, KRT1, KRT9, CLIP1 and CLEC20A were mainly changed during A. fumigatus infection, while the immunologically activated proteins WNT7A, GAPDH and ANXA2 were principally altered during S. apiospermum infection. These proteins are involved in fungal internalisation and structural destruction leading to pulmonary disorders. Interleukin (IL)-21, IL-1α, IL-22, IL-2, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α were upregulated in both aspergillosis and scedosporiosis, although more predominately in the latter, in accordance with chitin synthase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase levels. Our results demonstrated that during invasion, A. fumigatus primarily altered host cellular integrity, whereas S. apiospermum chiefly induced and extensively modulated host immune responses.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Additional support was kindly provided by Northeast Laboratory Animal Center, Khon Kaen University, and Faculty of Tropical Medicine and Faculty of Science, Mahidol University.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Research Council of Thailand and Mahidol University under the research project “Pulmonary invasive role of Scedosporium apiospermum possible receptor and signalling for diagnosis and adjunctive treatment.” Additional funds were provided by TSRI Fund (CU_FRB640001_01_33_1), the Health System Research Institute (HSRI 63-005) and the Asia Research Center of the Korean Foundation, Chulalongkorn University (011/2560).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Tapanee Kanjanapruthipong, Kamonpan Fongsodsri & Sumate Ampawong

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Passanesh Sukphopetch & Watcharamat Muangkaew

  3. Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetic, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Onrapak Reamtong & Tipparat Thiangtrongjit

  4. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Duangnate Isarangkul

  5. Northeast Laboratory Animal Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Nichapa Sansurin

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  1. Tapanee Kanjanapruthipong
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  2. Passanesh Sukphopetch
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  4. Duangnate Isarangkul
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  8. Kamonpan Fongsodsri
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  9. Sumate Ampawong
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Contributions

All authors participated in the design, interpretation and analysis of the studies. All authors conducted the experiments as follows: proteomics studies by DI, OR and TT; in vitro and in vivo studies by NS, PS, WM and SA; histopathological and electron microscopic analyses by TK, KF and SA; and Bio-Plex Multiplex immunoassay by PS, WM, KF and SA. All authors wrote, revised and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sumate Ampawong.

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Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

Animal experiments were conducted in accordance with parameters described in the Animals for Scientific Purposes Act, B.E. 2558, Thailand, and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Khon Kaen University (IACUC-KKU-20/61).

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Not applicable.

Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Kanjanapruthipong, T., Sukphopetch, P., Reamtong, O. et al. Cytoskeletal Alteration Is an Early Cellular Response in Pulmonary Epithelium Infected with Aspergillus fumigatus Rather than Scedosporium apiospermum. Microb Ecol 83, 216–235 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01750-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01750-7

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