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Temporal Variations of Microbiota Associated with the Immature Stages of Two Florida Culex Mosquito Vectors

Microbial Ecology volume 74, pages 979–989 (2017)Cite this article

Abstract

Microbiota associated with mosquito vector populations impact several traits of mosquitoes, including survival, reproduction, control, and immunity against pathogens. The influence of seasonal variations and mosquito species on mosquito gut microbiota is poorly understood. We sought to determine whether the mosquito microbiota associated with immature stages of two congeners (Culex coronator and Culex nigripalpus) differ temporally and between the two species. Using high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we characterized bacterial and archaeal communities found in the immature stages of the two Culex mosquito species sampled over three seasons to compare the diversity of bacteria between the two species. Beta diversity analyses of the larval microbiota sequences revealed that the two Culex species differed significantly, both temporally within each species and between the two species. Bacteria in Cx. coronator larvae were dominated by Alphaproteobacteria, mainly associated with Roseoccocus and unidentified species of Rhizobiales, and two unidentified species of Cyanobacteria. In contrast, Cx. nigripalpus was dominated by Thorsellia anophelis (Gammaproteobacteria), Clostridium, an unidentified species of Ruminococcacae (Clostridiales), and additional unidentified species associated with Erysipelotrichaceae (Erysipelotrichales), Bacteroidales, and Mollicutes. Results of our study revealed both seasonal and interspecies differences in bacterial community composition associated with the immature stages of Cx. coronator and Cx. nigripalpus vector populations in Florida. These results have important implications for our understanding of the underlying factors of variations in disease transmission among seasons, susceptibility to various pesticides, and other biotic factors, including the role of the microbiota on the spread of invasive species. In addition, our results suggest close associations of certain bacteria species with each of the two Culex species that will be further targeted for their potential in the development of microbial-based control strategies.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Katja Engel and Arthur Domingos for their technical assistance. We thank Dr. Jonathan Day for his valuable comments on earlier version of the manuscript. JDN acknowledges a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC). DD was supported by funding from Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, IFAS, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA

    Dagne Duguma & Chelsea T. Smartt

  2. Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 1W5, Canada

    Michael W. Hall

  3. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Josh D. Neufeld

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  1. Dagne Duguma
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Correspondence to Dagne Duguma.

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Duguma, D., Hall, M.W., Smartt, C.T. et al. Temporal Variations of Microbiota Associated with the Immature Stages of Two Florida Culex Mosquito Vectors. Microb Ecol 74, 979–989 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-017-0988-9

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Keywords

  • Culex mosquitoes
  • Diversity
  • Invasive
  • Microbiota
  • Symbionts
  • Disease vectors