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Shifts in Soil Chemical Properties and Bacterial Communities Responding to Biotransformed Dry Olive Residue Used as Organic Amendment

  • Soil Microbiology
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Abstract

Dry olive residue (DOR) is a waste product derived from olive oil extraction and has been proposed as an organic amendment. However, it has been demonstrated that a pre-treatment, such as its transformation by saprophytic fungi, is required before DOR soil application. A greenhouse experiment was designed where 0 and 50 g kg−1 of raw DOR (DOR), Coriolopsis floccosa-transformed DOR (CORDOR) and Fusarium oxysporum-transformed DOR (FUSDOR) were added to soil. Analyses of the soil chemical properties as well as the structure and relative abundance of bacterial and actinobacterial communities were conducted after 0, 30 and 60 days following amendment. The different amendments produced a slight decrease in soil pH and significant increases in carbon fractions, C/N ratios, phenols and K, with these increases being more significant after DOR application. Quantitative PCR assays of the 16S rRNA gene and PLFA analyses showed that all amendments favoured bacterial growth at 30 and 60 days, although actinobacterial proliferation was more evident after CORDOR and FUSDOR application at 60 days. Bacterial and actinobacterial DGGE multivariate analyses showed that the amendments produced structural changes in both communities, especially after 60 days of amendment. PLFA data analysis identified changes in soil microbial communities according to the amendment considered, with FUSDOR and CORDOR being less disruptive than DOR. Finally, integrated analysis of all data monitored in the present study enabled us to conclude that the greatest impact on soil properties was caused by DOR at 30 days and that soil showed some degree of resilience after this time.

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Acknowledgments

This study has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Project AGL2008–572) and by a grant from the Competence Center TE01020218 of the Czech Technology Agency. J.A. Siles, D. Pérez-Mendoza and I. Sampedro gratefully acknowledge assistance from the JAE program, which is co-financed by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and the European Social Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, E-18008, Granada, Spain

    José A. Siles, Paola Hernández, Daniel Pérez-Mendoza, Inmaculada García-Romera & Inmaculada Sampedro

  2. Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic

    Tomas Cajthaml

  3. Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benatska 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Tomas Cajthaml

  4. Department of Microbiology, Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia

    Paola Hernández

  5. Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA

    Inmaculada Sampedro

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Siles, J.A., Cajthaml, T., Hernández, P. et al. Shifts in Soil Chemical Properties and Bacterial Communities Responding to Biotransformed Dry Olive Residue Used as Organic Amendment. Microb Ecol 70, 231–243 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-014-0552-9

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