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Diagnostic accuracy of 3-T lung magnetic resonance imaging in human immunodeficiency virus-positive children

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Pediatric Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

More than 70% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive children sustain respiratory diseases in their lifetime. Imaging plays an important role in establishing early and correct diagnosis.

Objective

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3-Tesla (T) thorax MRI in HIV-positive children, using chest CT as the gold standard.

Materials and methods

We included 25 children with confirmed HIV-positive status and pulmonary complaints who were referred for chest CT. All children had 3-T thorax MRI using T2-W turbo spin-echo sequence, steady-state free precession gradient echo sequence, T2-W turbo spin-echo MultiVane XD sequence, and T1-weighted modified Dixon sequences. We evaluated the images for various pulmonary and mediastinal findings and calculated the sensitivity and specificity of 3-T thoracic MRI.

Results

Sensitivity of 3-T MRI was 100% for detecting nodules >4 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] 66.3–100%), pleural effusion (CI 29.2–100%) and lymphadenopathy (CI 81.5–100%). It demonstrated a specificity of 100% for nodules >4 mm (CI 79.4–100%), pleural effusion (CI 84.6–100%) and lymphadenopathy (CI 59–100%). For consolidation/collapse, sensitivity and specificity were 93.8% (CI 69.8–99.8%) and 88.9% (CI 51.8–99.7%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting bronchiectasis were 75% (CI 42.8–94.5%) and 100% (CI 75.3–100%), respectively, while for ground-glass opacity, sensitivity and specificity were 75% (CI 34.9–96.8%) and 94.1% (CI 71.3–99.9%), respectively. Nodules <4 mm were not well detected on MRI, with sensitivity of 35% (CI 15.4–59.2%).

Conclusion

Thoracic MRI at 3 T demonstrates a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting nodules >4 mm, effusion and lymphadenopathy in HIV-positive children.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Ms. Kusum Chopra and Mr. Ramesh Goel for statistical analysis of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Pratyaksha Rana, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, Anmol Bhatia & Akshay Kumar Saxena

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Deepti Suri & Surjit Singh

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  1. Pratyaksha Rana
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  2. Kushaljit Singh Sodhi
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  3. Anmol Bhatia
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Correspondence to Kushaljit Singh Sodhi.

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Rana, P., Sodhi, K.S., Bhatia, A. et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 3-T lung magnetic resonance imaging in human immunodeficiency virus-positive children. Pediatr Radiol 50, 38–45 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-019-04523-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-019-04523-0

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