Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

First and second branchial arch syndromes: multimodality approach

  • Review
  • Published:
Pediatric Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

First and second branchial arch syndromes (BAS) manifest as combined tissue deficiencies and hypoplasias of the face, external ear, middle ear and maxillary and mandibular arches. They represent the second most common craniofacial malformation after cleft lip and palate. Extended knowledge of the embryology and anatomy of each branchial arch derivative is mandatory for the diagnosis and grading of different BAS lesions and in the follow-up of postoperative patients. In recent years, many new complex surgical approaches and procedures have been designed by maxillofacial surgeons to treat extensive maxillary, mandibular and external and internal ear deformations. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the role of different imaging modalities (orthopantomogram (OPG), lateral and posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs, CT and MRI) in the diagnosis of a wide spectrum of first and second BAS, including hemifacial microsomia, mandibulofacial dysostosis, branchio-oto-renal syndrome, Pierre Robin sequence and Nager acrofacial dysostosis. Additionally, we aim to emphasize the importance of the systematic use of a multimodality imaging approach to facilitate the precise grading of these syndromes, as well as the preoperative planning of different reconstructive surgical procedures and their follow-up during treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Moore K (1988) The developing human. Clinically oriented embryology, 4th edn. Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  2. Castillo M, Mukherji SK (1995) Imaging of facial anomalies. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 25:169–188

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Castillo M (1994) Congenital abnormalities of the nose: CT and MR findings. AJR 162:1211–1217

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Cobourne MT (2000) Construction for the modern head: current concepts in craniofacial development. J Orthod 27:307–314

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Vento AR, LaBrie RA, Mulliken JB (1991) The O.M.E.N.S. classification of hemifacial microsomia. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 28:68–76

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Goske MJ, Applegate KE, Boylan J et al (2008) The ‘Image Gently’ campaign: increasing CT radiation dose awareness through a national education and awareness program. Pediatr Radiol 38:265–269

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Goske MJ, Applegate KE, Boylan J et al (2008) The Image Gently Campaign: working together to change practice. AJR 190:273–274

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. The Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging. www.Imagegently.org

  9. Verdun FR, Gutierrez D, Vader JP et al (2008) CT radiation dose in children: a survey to establish age-based diagnostic reference levels in Switzerland. Eur Radiol 18:1980–1986

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Galanski M, Nagel HD, Stamm G (2007) Results of a federation inquiry 2005/2006: pediatric CT X-ray practice in Germany. Rofo 179:1110–1111

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Shrimpton PC, Hillier MC, Lewis MA et al (2006) National survey of doses from CT in the UK: 2003. Br J Radiol 79:968–980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Brisse HJ, Aubert B (2009) CT exposure from pediatric MDCT: results from the 2007–2008 SFIPP/ISNR survey. J Radiol 90:207–215

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ilizarov GA (1988) The principles of the Ilizarov method. Bull Hosp Jt Dis Orthop Inst 48:1–11

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Ortiz Monasterio F, Molina F, Andrade L et al (1997) Simultaneous mandibular and maxillary distraction in hemifacial microsomia in adults: avoiding occlusal disasters. Plast Reconstr Surg 100:852–861

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Scolozzi P, Herzog G, Jaques B (2006) Simultaneous maxillo-mandibular distraction osteogenesis in hemifacial microsomia: a new technique using two distractors. Plast Reconstr Surg 117:1530–1541

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Charrier JB, Bennaceur S, Couly G (2001) Hemifacial microsomia. Embryological and clinical approach. Ann Chir Plast Esthet 46:385–399

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Tessier P (1976) Anatomical classification of facial, cranio-facial and latero-facial clefts. J Maxillofac Surg 4:69–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Rahbar R, Robson CD, Mulliken JB et al (2001) Craniofacial, temporal bone, and audiologic abnormalities in the spectrum of hemifacial microsomia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 127:265–271

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Carvalho GJ, Song CS, Vargervik K et al (1999) Auditory and facial nerve dysfunction in patients with hemifacial microsomia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 125:209–212

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Pruzansky S (1969) Not all dwarfed mandibles are alike. Birth Defects 1:120–129

    Google Scholar 

  21. Papadopoulos MA, Christou PK, Christou PK et al (2002) Three-dimensional craniofacial reconstruction imaging. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 93:382–393

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Robson CD (2006) Congenital hearing impairment. Pediatr Radiol 36:309–324

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Binaghi S, Gudinchet F, Rilliet B (2000) Three-dimensional spiral CT of craniofacial malformations in children. Pediatr Radiol 30:856–860

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Gonzalez GE, Caruso PA, Small JE et al (2008) Craniofacial and temporal bone CT findings in cleidocranial dysplasia. Pediatr Radiol 38:892–897

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne, Rue de Bugnon 46, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland

    Elodie Senggen, Tarek Laswed, Jean-Yves Meuwly, Leonor Alamo Maestre, Reto Meuli & François Gudinchet

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Bertrand Jaques

Authors
  1. Elodie Senggen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tarek Laswed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jean-Yves Meuwly
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Leonor Alamo Maestre
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Bertrand Jaques
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Reto Meuli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. François Gudinchet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elodie Senggen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Senggen, E., Laswed, T., Meuwly, JY. et al. First and second branchial arch syndromes: multimodality approach. Pediatr Radiol 41, 549–561 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-010-1831-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-010-1831-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation