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Assessment of Heart Rate Variability in Children with Mitral Valve Prolapse

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Abstract

Background

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a heart valve anomaly with specific electrocardiographic findings and arrhythmia. A predominant sympathetic tone and diminished vagal activity have been reported especially in symptomatic MVP patients.

Objectives

In the current study, we aim to review heart rate variability (HRV) parameters of MVP children in order to determine if there is an impaired autonomic regulation.

Methods

The data of children with MVP were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic characteristics, body mass index, symptomatology, MVP type and mitral regurgitation, MVP-related electrocardiographic changes, arrhythmia, and HRV parameters in 24-h Holter monitoring were recorded. HRV parameters of the control group were obtained from children applying for sport participation. Statistical significance limit was accepted as p < 0.05.

Results

154 of the patients (74.8%) were girls, the median age was 13.58 ± 2.99 years. While MVP patients had shorter PR intervals, those who had syncope had longer PR intervals. Short PR distance may be a feature of MVP, long PR distance may be a condition associated with syncope with the underlying paroxysmal atrioventricular block. Moreover, the minimum heart rate was significantly lower in the MVP group compared to the control and there were no significant differences in terms of remaining parameters. The number of low LF values was higher in MVP patients than the control. Comparing HRV values of groups by gender, we found that overall HRV parameters were lower in girls with MVP while minimum, maximum, and average heart rate were lower in boys with MVP.

Conclusion

Impaired HRV associated with MVP could be age, gender, and symptom related. In addition, low LF may indicate impaired baroreflex sensitivity in MVP patients.

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This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Cardiology Department, Dr. Sami Ulus Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Yenimahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey

    Meryem Beyazal, Senem Ozgur, Ilker Ufuk Sayici & Serpil Kaya Celebi

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  1. Meryem Beyazal
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  2. Senem Ozgur
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  3. Ilker Ufuk Sayici
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Contributions

Meryem Beyazal wrote the main manuscript and Ilker Ufuk Sayıcı and Serpil Kaya Celebi collected the data, all authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Meryem Beyazal.

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Beyazal, M., Ozgur, S., Sayici, I.U. et al. Assessment of Heart Rate Variability in Children with Mitral Valve Prolapse. Pediatr Cardiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-024-03481-1

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