Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Regulatory Science, and How Device Regulation Will Shape Our Future

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Pediatric Cardiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pediatric medical device approvals lag behind adult approvals. Historically, medical devices have rarely been designed specifically for children, but use in children has most often borrowed from adult or general use applications. While a variety of social, economic, and clinical factors have contributed to this phenomenon, the regulatory process remains a fundamental aspect of pediatric device development and commercialization. FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) has established programmatic and technological areas of advancement to support innovation that serves the public health needs of children and special populations. We highlight four regulatory areas that have the potential to shape the future of pediatric cardiology: the CDRH Early Feasibility Study Program, advancements in 3D printing or additive manufacturing, computational modeling and simulation, and the use of real-world evidence for regulatory applications. These programs have the potential to impact all stages of device development, from early conception, design, and prototyping to clinical evidence generation, regulatory review, and finally commercialization. The success of these programs relies on a collaborative community of stakeholders, including government, regulators, device manufacturers, patients, payers, and the academic and professional community societies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Rontgen W (1896) On a new kind of rays. Nature 53:274–276

    Google Scholar 

  2. Williams F (1896) A method for more fully determining the outlines of the heart by means of a fluoroscope. Boston Med Surg 135:335–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Einthoven W (1906) Le telecardiogramme. Arch Inst Physiol 4:132–164

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gross R, Hubbard J (1939) Surgical ligation of a patent ductus arteriosus: report of first successful case. JAMA 112:729–731

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Gibbon J (1954) Application of a mechanical heart and lung apparatus to cardiac surgery. Minn Med 37:171–185

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Kirklin J, Dushane J, Patrick R, Donald D, Hetzel P, Harshbarger H, Wood H (1955) Intracardiac surgery with the aid of a mechanical pumpoxygenator system (gibbon type): report of eight cases. Mayo Clin Proc 201–206

  7. Lillehei C, Cohen M, Warden H, Varco R (1955) The direct vision intracardiac correction of congenital anomalies by controlled cross circulation. Results in thirty two patients with ventricular septal defects, tetrology of Fallot, and atrioventricular communis defects. Surgery 30:11–29

  8. Forssmann W (1929) Sonderung des rechter. Herzenz Kein Wochenschr 28:2085–2087

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cournand A, Baldwin J, Himmelstein A (1949) Cardiac catherization in congenital heart disease: a clinical and physiological study in infants and children. Commonwealth Fund, New York

  10. Martin J, Hamilton B, Osterman M (2017) Births in the United States, 2016. NCHS Data Brief, pp 1–8

  11. Workshop P (2017) Advancing the development of pediatric therapeutics (ADEPT): application of "Big Data" to pediatric safety studies. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring

    Google Scholar 

  12. Workshop P (2010) Developing pathways to market for pediatric heart valves. Food and Drug Administration, AdvaMed, Silver Spring

    Google Scholar 

  13. Workshop P (2016) Pediatric clinical investigator training. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring

    Google Scholar 

  14. Workshop P (2018) Pediatric medical device development. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring

    Google Scholar 

  15. Workshop P (2017) Pediatric trial design and modeling: moving into the next decade. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring

    Google Scholar 

  16. Breakthrough Devices Program: Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff (2018) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Center for Biologics Evaluation Research, Silver Spring

  17. Leveraging Existing Clinical Data for Extrapolation to Pediatric Uses of Medical Devices (2016) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Center for Biologics Evaluation Research, Silver Spring

  18. Investigational Device Exemptions (IDEs) for Early Feasibility Medical Device Clinical Studies, Including Certain First in Human (FIH) Studies (2013) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Center for Biologics Evaluation Research., Silver Spring

  19. Holmes D, Califf R, Farb A, Abel D, Mack M, Syrek Jensen T, Zuckerman B, Leon M, Shuren S (2016) Overcoming the challenges of conducting early feasibility studies of medical devices in the United States. JACC 68:1908–1915

  20. Technical Considerations for Additive Manufactured Medical Devices: Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff (2017) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Center for Biologics Evaluation Research, Silver Spring

  21. Morrison T, Dreher M, Nagaraja S, Angelone L, Kainz W (2017) The role of computational modeling and simulation in the total product life cycle of peripheral vascular devices. J Med Device 11:024503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Reporting of Computational Modeling Studies in Medical Device Submissions: Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff (2016) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring

  23. Haddad T, Himes A, Thompson L, Irony T, Nair R (2017) Participants, Incorporation of stochiastic engineering models as prior information in Bayesian medical device trials. J Biopharm Stat 27:1089–1103

  24. Medical Device Classification Procedures: Determination of Safety and Effectiveness (2018)

  25. Use of Real-World Evidence to Support Regulatory Decision-Making for Medical Devices (2017) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Center for Biologics Evaluation Research, Silver Spring

  26. Dubin A, Cannon B, Saarel E, Triedman J, Berul C, Bar-Cohen Y, Shah M, Paulsen J, Patel H, Reich J, Carlson M, Stein K, Gilkerson J, Kowal R, Peiris V (2019) Pediatric and congential electrophysiology society initiative on device needs in pediatric electrophysiology. Heart Rhythm 16(4):e39–e46

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicole Ibrahim.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ibrahim, N., Gillette, N., Patel, H. et al. Regulatory Science, and How Device Regulation Will Shape Our Future. Pediatr Cardiol 41, 469–474 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-020-02296-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-020-02296-0

Keywords

Navigation