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Distribution Characteristics, Pollution Assessment, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Soils Around a Landfill-Farmland Multisource Hybrid District

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Abstract

Heavy-metal pollution is a negative impact of municipal solid-waste landfills. The multiple pollution transport pathways (including leachate, runoff, and waste gas) and complex and co-existing potential pollution sources (such as agricultural activities) around landfills require a combination of different pollution assessment methods and source identification tools to address pollution distribution and potential risks. In this study, the distributions of eight heavy metals (chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg)) around a landfill were analyzed using 60 topsoil samples. Ecological risk assessments indicated that there are currently no ecological risks. Based on health risk assessments, however, high concentrations of Cr and As in the soil pose a noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risk to humans in the study area, respectively. In addition, the geoaccumulation indices for Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, As, and Hg confirmed anthropogenic sources of accumulation of these metals in soils. Additionally, the potential ecological risk index indicated that Hg posed a considerable risk to the ecology of the area around the landfill. Sources of heavy metals in the study area were attributed to natural sources (22.10%), agricultural activities (27.65%), landfill (31.35%), and transportation (18.89%). The continuous accumulation of heavy metals and health risk for humans suggests the need to continuously monitor of heavy metal content and migration around the landfill. This study provides a reference for local authorities in the study area.

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The datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41701619).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration and Development Bureau); Key Laboratory of Urban Geology and Underground Space Resources; Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Qingdao Geology and Geotechnical Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Honghua Liu, Jie Dong, Lixue Cao, Lili Yu & Jia Xin

  2. Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Yuan Wang & Jia Xin

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  1. Honghua Liu
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  2. Yuan Wang
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  3. Jie Dong
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  4. Lixue Cao
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  5. Lili Yu
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  6. Jia Xin
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Contributions

Honghua Liu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Writing- Original draft preparation. Yuan Wang: Methodology, Investigation, Writing- Reviewing and Editing. Jie Dong: Investigation. Lixue Cao: Investigation. Lili Yu: Investigation. Jia Xin: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Jia Xin.

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Liu, H., Wang, Y., Dong, J. et al. Distribution Characteristics, Pollution Assessment, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Soils Around a Landfill-Farmland Multisource Hybrid District. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 81, 77–90 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-021-00857-9

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