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Assessment of Arsenic-Induced DNA Damage in Goldfish by a Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Technique Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

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Abstract

Arsenic is a groundwater contaminant of global concern. It is a potent human carcinogen, and its marked genotoxic effects have been reported in several human and animal studies. The present work investigates the applicability of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay to study the DNA-damaging effects of arsenic at low-level exposure in goldfish Carassius auratus. Four experimental groups of fish, A, B, C and D, were exposed to 0, 10, 50, and 1,000 µg L−1 of arsenic, respectively, in aquaria water for 15 consecutive days. Genomic DNA extraction was followed by RAPD–polymerase chain reaction amplification for each fish separately. One arbitrary decamer primer (PUZ-19) of 33 primers used appeared as the most informative and was capable of exhibiting marked alterations in RAPD profiles between arsenic-exposed and unexposed (control) samples. Different sets of 11 loci were amplified in various experimental groups with four clear polymorphic bands by the primer PUZ-19. The X and XIII amplification loci, which were prominent in the unexposed group, failed to appear in the arsenic-exposed groups. In contrast, the I and XI RAPD bands appeared as new amplification loci in all of the exposed groups. Such alterations in genomic DNA, however, did not exhibit a clear dose-dependent tendency. The RAPD assay, because of its efficacy to unmask alterations in genomic DNA induced by arsenic at low exposure level of 10 µg L−1, appears to be a sensitive and potential tool for detecting arsenic genotoxicity.

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  1. Amod Kumar

    Present address: Department of Zoology, KM College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110 007, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Toxicogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, India

    Amod Kumar, Vibudh P. Kesari, Ashok Kumar Alok & Parimal K. Khan

  2. Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110 025, India

    Syed N. Kazim

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Kumar, A., Kesari, V.P., Alok, A.K. et al. Assessment of Arsenic-Induced DNA Damage in Goldfish by a Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Technique Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 67, 630–638 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-014-0051-5

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