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Agricultural Pesticides in Mississippi Delta Oxbow Lake Sediments During Autumn and Their Effects on Hyalella azteca

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Abstract

Agricultural pesticide contamination of sediments from five Mississippi Delta oxbow lakes and their effects and bioavailablity to Hyalella azteca were assessed during a low-application season—autumn. Three reference oxbow lakes were located in the White River National Wildlife Refuge (WRNWR), Arkansas and two impaired lakes, according to the US Environmental Agency Sect. 303 (d) Clean Water Act, were located in Mississippi. Surface sediment (top 5 cm) was collected at three sites within each lake and analyzed for 17 current and historic-use pesticides and metabolites. Chronic 28-day H. azteca sediment bioassays and pesticide body residue analyses were completed to determine the degree of biological responses and bioavailability. The greatest number of detectable pesticides in WRNWR and 303 (d) sediment samples was 9 and 12, respectively, with historic-use pesticide metabolite, p,p′-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene] ubiquitous. No significant (p > 0.05) differences in animal survival were observed among sites. Animal growth was significantly (p < 0.05) less at only one site in a 303 (d)-listed lake (Macon Lake). Only six pesticides were observed in H. azteca with current-use pesticides detected at three sites; historic-use pesticides and metabolites detected at 11 sites. Animal body residues of a historic-use pesticide (dieldrin) and metabolite (p,p′-DDE) were associated with observed growth responses. Results show limited current-use pesticide contamination of sediments and H. azteca body tissues during autumn and that historic-use pesticides and metabolites are the primary contributors to observed biological responses.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Jennifer Swint, Sam Testa III, Vincent Campbell, and Dan McChesney for analytical assistance. The authors also thank Dr. Jennifer Bouldin and Dr. Jonathan Maul for helpful comments and reviewing and earlier version of the manuscript. Mention of equipment, computer programs, or a pesticide does not constitute an endorsement for use by the US Department of Agriculture nor does it imply pesticide registration under FIFRA as amended. All programs and services of the USDA are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, sex, marital status, or handicap.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, MS, 38655, USA

    Richard E. Lizotte Jr., Scott S. Knight, Charles T. Bryant & Sammie Smith Jr.

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  1. Richard E. Lizotte Jr.
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  2. Scott S. Knight
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  3. Charles T. Bryant
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  4. Sammie Smith Jr.
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Correspondence to Richard E. Lizotte Jr..

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Sammie Smith, Jr. is retired from USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory.

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Lizotte, R.E., Knight, S.S., Bryant, C.T. et al. Agricultural Pesticides in Mississippi Delta Oxbow Lake Sediments During Autumn and Their Effects on Hyalella azteca . Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 57, 495–503 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9327-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9327-6

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