Abstract
We evaluated the acute toxicity of Tetrachloroethylene (C2Cl4), and investigated its sub-chronic effects on the embryonic development of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). One-day-old eggs/embryos of this fish species were exposed, under static renewal conditions, to serial concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/L) of C2Cl4 for 96 h (acute) and 10 days (sub-chronic) time periods. The toxic endpoints evaluated included: egg/embryo viability, hatchability, and morphological/developmental abnormalities. The acute toxicity test resulted in a 96 h-LC50 of 27.0 (19.5–32.9) mg/L for egg viability. Exposure of eggs to sub-chronic concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 25 mg/L) of C2Cl4 significantly reduced hatchability and larval survival, in a concentration dependent manner. At the highest tested concentration (25 mg/L) of the sub-lethal exposure, larval survival was greatly reduced to within three days post-hatch. The lowest tested concentration (1.5 mg/L) produced a significant number of developmental effects to the Japanese medaka, including abnormal development of the circulatory system, yolk-sac edema, pericardial edema, scoliosis, hemorrhaging, blood pooling, and defects in heart morphology. The severity of these abnormalities was concentration-dependent. It can be concluded from these results that tetrachloroethylene is teratogenic to the Japanese medaka.
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Received: 20 February 2001/Accepted: 21 December 2001
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Spencer, H., Hussein, W. & Tchounwou, P. Effects of Tetrachloroethylene on the Viability and Development of Embryos of the Japanese Medaka, Oryzias latipes . Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 42, 463–469 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-001-0050-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-001-0050-1