Abstract
CPP-like genes are members of a small family which features the existence of two similar Cys-rich domains termed CXC domains in their protein products and are distributed widely in plants and animals but do not exist in yeast. The members of this family in plants play an important role in development of reproductive tissue and control of cell division. To gain insights into how CPP-like genes evolved in plants, we conducted a comparative phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analysis of the CPP-like gene family in Arabidopsis and rice. The results of phylogeny revealed that both gene loss and species-specific expansion contributed to the evolution of this family in Arabidopsis and rice. Both intron gain and intron loss were observed through intron/exon structure analysis for duplicated genes. Our results also suggested that positive selection was a major force during the evolution of CPP-like genes in plants, and most amino acid residues under positive selection were disproportionately located in the region outside the CXC domains. Further analysis revealed that two CXC domains and sequences connecting them might have coevolved during the long evolutionary period.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Professor Kreitman for the helpful comments and criticisms. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant 2006CB101700), the National High-Tech R&D Program (Grant 2006AA10Z165), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant NCET-05-0502), and the Program for Innovative Research of Graduate Students in Jiangsu Province (Grant CX07B-186z).
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Zefeng Yang and Shiliang Gu contributed equally to this work.
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Yang, Z., Gu, S., Wang, X. et al. Molecular Evolution of the CPP-like Gene Family in Plants: Insights from Comparative Genomics of Arabidopsis and Rice. J Mol Evol 67, 266–277 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-008-9143-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-008-9143-z