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Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid: demographical analysis and role of surgery in the management

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European Journal of Plastic Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Eyelid sebaceous carcinoma is an uncommon aggressive cancer its capacity to cause serious harm and death underscores the significance of prompt identification and treatment. This study aims to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and pathological factors that impact the prognosis and survival of individuals with eyelid sebaceous carcinoma.

Methods

The data for this study was abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2000–2018. The demographic and clinical data included several parameters, such as age, race, tumor grade, tumor size, surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, overall survival, and survival with specific treatments. The proportional hazard regression model was employed in this study to calculate hazard ratios and ascertain independent factors affecting survival outcomes. Data points with unidentified or missing values were excluded from the multivariate analysis to ensure robustness.

Results

A total 0f 903 of sebaceous carcinomas were extracted from the database. The mean age was 71.7 years and the majority (83.2%) were over 60 years old with a slight predominance of women (56.7%). Race was known for (96.6%) of cases, with White being the most dominant (86.6%) followed by Asian or Pacific Islander (10.2%). When tumor grade was known, poorly differentiated accounted for the majority (53.1%). Most cases with known tumor size were > 10 mm (44.9%). Where metastasis status was known, no metastasis was found in (99.2%). Most patients (80.2%) were treated with surgery alone. Being White and male had a better 5-year survival of 93.9% with a 95% confidence interval (C.I 95%) (C.I 95%, 61.3–99.0) and 95.3% (C.I 95%, 91.3–97.4) respectively. Multivariable analysis identified tumor size > 10 mm and age > 60 as independent risk factors for mortality (p < 0.010).

Conclusions

Our study found that old age and large tumor size are negative prognostic factors. Future research should target novel molecular targets and effective combination therapies to improve patient outcomes.

Level of evidence: Level III, Therapeutic; Diagnostic; Risk/Prognostic

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Data availability

Data is available on appropriate request from corresponding author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bolan Medical College, Quetta, Pakistan

    Abdul Qahar Khan Yasinzai, Abdul Samad Khan Tareen, Hafeez Ullah & Muhammad Ayub Tareen

  2. Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA

    Mya Goodbee & Jennifer Ahweyevu

  3. Department of Surgery, San Joaquin General Hospital, French Camp, CA, USA

    Abdul Waheed

  4. Integris Baptist Health Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

    Adil Karim, Dauod Arif, Luis Brandi & Asad Ullah

  5. Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA

    Adil Karim, Dauod Arif, Luis Brandi & Asad Ullah

  6. Department of Medicine, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI, USA

    Marjan Khan

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Correspondence to Asad Ullah.

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Ethics approval

The data of this manuscript is from SEER database which deidentified data from NCI and thus does not require IRB approval.

Conflict of interest

All the authors of this manuscript substantially contributed to this manuscript per ICMJE guidelines. Abdul Qahar Khan Yasinzai, Mya Goodbee, Jennifer Ahweyevu, Abdul Samad Khan Tareen, Hafeez Ullah, Muhammad Ayub Tareen, Abdul Waheed, Adil Karim, Dauod Arif, Marjan Khan, Luis Brandi, Asad Ullah declare no conflict of interest.

Patient consent

The data for this manuscript is obtained from SEER database which free available data from National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA. Thus patient consent is not required.

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Abdul Qahar Khan Yasinzai and Mya Goodbee equally contributed to this work and sharing for first coauthorship.

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Yasinzai, A.Q.K., Goodbee, M., Ahweyevu, J. et al. Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid: demographical analysis and role of surgery in the management. Eur J Plast Surg 46, 1011–1018 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00238-023-02137-2

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