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The value of magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of the bleeding source in non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhages: a comparison with conventional digital subtraction angiography

  • Diagnostic Neuroradiology
  • Published:
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Abstract

Introduction

Conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is currently regarded as the gold standard in detecting underlying vascular pathologies in patients with intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH). However, the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnostic workup of ICHs has considerably increased in recent years. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and yield of MRI for the detection of the underlying aetiology in ICH patients.

Methods

Sixty-seven consecutive patients with an acute ICH who underwent MRI (including magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and DSA during their diagnostic workup) were included in the study. Magnetic resonance images were retrospectively analysed by two independent neuroradiologists to determine the localisation and cause of the ICH. DSA was used as a reference standard.

Results

In seven patients (10.4%), a DSA-positive vascular aetiology was present (one aneurysm, four arteriovenous malformations, one dural arteriovenous fistula and one vasculitis). All of these cases were correctly diagnosed by both readers on MRI. In addition, MRI revealed the following probable bleeding causes in 39 of the 60 DSA-negative patients: cerebral amyloid angiopathy (17), cavernoma (9), arterial hypertension (8), haemorrhagic transformation of an ischaemic infarction (3) and malignant brain tumour with secondary ICH (2).

Conclusion

Performing MRI with MRA proved to be an accurate diagnostic tool in detecting vascular malformations in patients with ICH. In addition, MRI provided valuable information regarding DSA-negative ICH causes, and thus had a high diagnostic yield in ICH patients.

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Abbreviations

AVM:

Arteriovenous malformations

dAVF:

Dural arterio-venous fistula

DSA:

Digital subtraction angiography

DWI:

Diffusion weighted imaging

CAA:

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy

CI:

Confidence interval

CT:

Computed tomography

CTA:

Computed tomography angiography

FLAIR:

Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery

ICH:

Intracerebral haemorrhages

IVH:

Intraventricular haemorrhage

MRA:

Magnetic resonance angiography

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

SAH:

Subarachnoid haemorrhages

SWI:

Susceptibility weighted imaging

T:

Tesla

TOF:

Time-of-flight

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Conflict of interest

We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroradiology, University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany

    Nina Lummel, Jürgen Lutz, Hartmut Brückmann & Jennifer Linn

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  1. Nina Lummel
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  2. Jürgen Lutz
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  4. Jennifer Linn
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Correspondence to Nina Lummel.

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Lummel, N., Lutz, J., Brückmann, H. et al. The value of magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of the bleeding source in non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhages: a comparison with conventional digital subtraction angiography. Neuroradiology 54, 673–680 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-011-0953-0

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