Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 5-kHz repetition frequency of electroporating electric pulses in comparison to the standard 1-Hz frequency on blood flow of invasive ductal carcinoma tumors in Balb/C mice. Electroporation was performed by the delivery of eight electric pulses of 1,000 V cm−1 and 100 μs duration at a repetition frequency of 1 Hz or 5 kHz. Blood flow changes in tumors were measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. Monitoring was performed continuously for 10 min before application of the electric pulses as well as immediately after application of the electric pulses for 40 min. The delivery of electric pulses to tumors induced changes in tumor blood flow. The reduction in blood flow started after the stimulation and continued for the 40-min period of observation. There was a significant difference in blood flow changes 3 min after application of the electric pulses at 1-Hz or 5-kHz repetition frequency. However, after 3 min the difference became nonsignificant. The findings showed that the high pulse frequency (5 kHz) had an effect comparable to the 1-Hz frequency on tumor blood flow except at very short times after pulse delivery, when pulses at 5 kHz produced a more intense reduction of blood flow.
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Acknowledgements
E. R. wishes to especially thank Prof. Lluis Mir (Laboratoire de Vectorologie et Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, UMR 8203 CNRS Université Paris-Sud, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France), without whom the article would not have reached a satisfactory level of presentation.
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Raeisi, E., Firoozabadi, S.M.P., Hajizadeh, S. et al. The Effect of High-Frequency Electric Pulses on Tumor Blood Flow In Vivo. J Membrane Biol 236, 163–166 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-010-9288-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-010-9288-8