Marangoni convection in an annular cylindrical tank

Abstract

If the free liquid-gas interface of a liquid in an annular container is subjected to a temperature gradient the temperature dependent shear stress on the free liquid surface creates by viscous traction a thermocapillary convection in the bulk of the liquid. For constant temperature T ₁ of the inner and T ₂ of the outer wall a steady Marangoni convection takes place, while for time-oscillatory temperatures of the walls a time-dependent thermocapillary convection appears, which will create on the free liquid surface wave patterns. They shall, depending on the forcing frequency of the temperature, exhibit resonance peaks. The velocity distribution and the response magnitude inside the container has been determined.