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Experimental room heating applications relative to increasingly evacuated vacuum tube solar collectors

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Abstract

This work investigated the energetic and exergetic performances of evacuated tube solar collectors (ETSCs) that are used to heat experimentally in a room constructed at Cukurova University in Adana, Turkey. The system occurs with one, two, three, and four ETSCs, three radiators, a pump, a calorimeter, a data logger, and a room. In the system, ETSCs are used to store solar radiation as thermal energy in the tank for heating a room during the evening. For this reason, four sunny days were selected to do four experiments with one, two, three, and four ETSCs in January. This month is the coldest month of the year in Adana. Thermodynamic analyzes were performed to better understand the system throughout the experiments. Thus, one, two, three, and four ETSCs could be used to heat such a room that has a total floor area of 22.5 m2 and a volume of 67.5 m3. As a result, the energetic efficiency of the system for one, two, three, and four ETSCs are obtained as 13.18%, 13.85%, 16.27, and 18.03%, respectively. The exergy efficiency of the system for one, two, three, and four collectors are found as 0.33%, 0.52%, 0.64%, and 0.77%, respectively. According to the obtained results, it is possible to heat the room using only ETSCs. However, it was found that as the number of ETSCs used to heat the system increased from one to four, the energetic and exergetic performances of the system reached a higher level and the experiment took longer.

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Abbreviations

A:

Surface area (m2)

C :

Specific heat capacity (J/kg°C)

E :

Energy (W)

Ex :

Exergy (W)

F:

Factor

f:

Parameter

ETSCs:

Evacuated tube solar collectors

N :

Air exchange rate (1/h),

n:

Number

P:

Power (W)

S:

Solar fraction

SI:

Sustainability Index

\(\dot{\mathrm{Q}}\) :

Heat flow (W)

T :

Temperature (\(\mathrm{^\circ{\rm C} }\) or K)

U:

Thermal transmittance coefficient (W/m2 K)

V:

Volume (m3)

η :

Effiencies

∆:

Difference

Ψ :

Exergy efficiency

ρ :

Density

a:

Air

ae:

Air exchange

brüt:

Gross

c:

Ceiling

d:

Distribution

dt:

Design temperature

elect:

Electricity

E :

Energy

eq:

Equipment

Ex:

Exergy

hd:

Heat demand

g:

Ground

GE:

Generation

i:

Counting variable

in:

Inlet

ins:

Insulation

inst:

Instrument

l:

Lighting

loss:

Losing

n:

Number

o:

Occupant

out:

Outlet

p:

Primary

pump:

Pumping

q:

Quality

rad:

Radiator

rnw:

Renewable

r:

Room

sh :

Shading effects

sur:

Surface

st:

Storage

sw :

Side-wall

t:

Transmission

tot :

Total

td:

Temperature drop

w:

Window

x:

Part

0:

Ambient

ven:

Ventilation

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the University of Cukurova for the financial support of the present work (Grant No. FEF2012D20).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Cukurova University, Adana, 01380, Turkey

    Ayhan Atiz & Mehmet Karakilcik

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  1. Ayhan Atiz
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  2. Mehmet Karakilcik
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Correspondence to Ayhan Atiz.

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Atiz, A., Karakilcik, M. Experimental room heating applications relative to increasingly evacuated vacuum tube solar collectors. Heat Mass Transfer 59, 1059–1071 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-022-03316-w

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