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Effect of various refining processes for Kenaf Bast non-wood pulp fibers suspensions on heat transfer coefficient in circular pipe heat exchanger

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A Correction to this article was published on 11 November 2017

This article has been updated

Abstract

Heat transfer coefficients were obtained for a range of non-wood kenaf bast pulp fiber suspensions flowing through a circular pipe heat exchanger test loop. The data were produced over a selected temperature and range of flow rates from the flow loop. It was found that the magnitude of the heat transfer coefficient of a fiber suspension is dependent on characteristics, concentration and pulping method of fiber. It was observed that at low concentration and high flow rates, the heat transfer coefficient values of suspensions were observed higher than that of the heat transfer coefficient values of water, on the other hand the heat transfer coefficient values of suspensions decreases at low flow rates and with the increase of their concentration. The heat transfer were affected by varying fiber characteristics, such as fiber length, fiber flexibility, fiber chemical and mechanical treatment as well as different pulping methods used to liberate the fibers. Heat transfer coefficient was decreased with the increase of fiber flexibility which was also observed by previous researchers. In the present work, the characteristics of fibers are correlated with the heat transfer coefficient of suspensions of the fibers. Deviations in fiber properties can be monitored from the flowing fiber suspensions by measuring heat transfer coefficient to adjust the degree of fiber refining treatment so that papers made from those fibers will be more uniform, consistent, within the product specification and retard the paper production loss.

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Change history

  • 11 November 2017

    The name of the second author is Bao D. Ho. His name is now corrected above and in the published version of the article.

Abbreviations

D:

Internal diameter of the tube, m

f :

Friction factor

hc :

Heat transfer coefficient, W/m2. K

l:

Length of the tube, m

X:

Length of thermocouple tip along the flow direction, m

L:

Heated length, m

k:

thermal conductivity, W/m. K

Nu:

Nusselt number

Pr:

Prandtl number

\( \overset{\cdotp }{q} \) :

heat flux, W/m2

Re:

Reynolds number

T:

Temperature, K

u:

Velocity, m/s

λ:

Wall thermal conductivity, W/m. K

δ:

Distance of thermocouple from the inner surface of pipe

b:

Bulk

in:

Inlet

out:

Outlet

s:

Surface

tc:

Thermocouple

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Acknowledgements

This research has been financially supported by High Impact Research (MOHE-HIR) grant UM. C/625/1/HIR/MOHE/ENG/45, UMRG RG161-15AET, Bantuan kecil penyelidikan BK 009-2016, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya and the authors are also grateful to the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia for support to conduct this research work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Syed Muzamil Ahmed, S. N Kazi, Rad Sadri, M. N. M. Zubir & M. Sayuti

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mahidzal Dahari

  3. Pulp and Paper Branch, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109, Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia

    Rushdan Ibrahim

  4. Department of Physics, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, 22500, Havelian KP, Pakistan

    Pervaiz Ahmad

  5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan

    Ghulamullah Khan

Authors
  1. Syed Muzamil Ahmed
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  2. S. N Kazi
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  3. Ghulamullah Khan
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  4. Rad Sadri
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  5. Mahidzal Dahari
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  6. M. N. M. Zubir
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  7. M. Sayuti
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  8. Pervaiz Ahmad
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  9. Rushdan Ibrahim
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Syed Muzamil Ahmed or S. N Kazi.

Additional information

The original version of this article was revised: The name of the first author is incorrect. It should be Syed Muzamil Ahmed, not Muzamil Ahmed Syed.

A correction to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-2211-4.

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Ahmed, S.M., Kazi, S.N., Khan, G. et al. Effect of various refining processes for Kenaf Bast non-wood pulp fibers suspensions on heat transfer coefficient in circular pipe heat exchanger. Heat Mass Transfer 54, 875–882 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-2176-3

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