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Evaporation heat transfer of carbon dioxide at low temperature inside a horizontal smooth tube

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Abstract

In this paper, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient of carbon dioxide at low temperature of −30 to −20 °C in a horizontal smooth tube was investigated experimentally. The test devices consist of mass flowmeter, pre-heater, magnetic gear pump, test section (evaporator), condenser and liquid receiver. Test section is made of cooper tube. Inner and outer diameter of the test section is 8 and 9.52 mm, respectively. The experiment is conducted at mass fluxes from 100 to 300 kg/m2 s, saturation temperature from −30 to −20 °C. The main results are summarized as follows: In case that the mass flux of carbon dioxide is 100 kg/m2 s, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient is almost constant regardless of vapor quality. In case of 200 and 300 kg/m2 s, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient increases steadily with increasing vapor quality. For the same mass flux, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient increases as the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant decreases. In comparison of heat transfer correlations with the experimental result, the evaporation heat transfer correlations do not predict them exactly. Therefore, more accurate heat transfer correlation than the previous one is required.

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Abbreviations

A:

Annular flow (/)

c:

Specific heat (kJ/kg K)

d:

Diameter (m)

D:

Dry-out (/)

Ffl :

Fluid dependent parameter in Kandlikar’s correlation

G:

Mass flux (kg/m2 s)

h:

Heat transfer coefficient (kW/m2 K)

i:

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

ir :

Evaporation latent heat (kJ/kg)

I:

Intermittent flow (/)

Δi:

Enthalpy difference (kJ/kg)

k:

Thermal conductivity (kW/m K)

L:

Test section length (m)

M:

Mass flow rate, Mist flow (kg/h) (/)

q:

Heat flux (kW/m2)

Q:

Heat capacity (kW)

P:

Pressure (kPa)

S:

Stratified flow (/)

SW:

Stratified-wavy flow (/)

Slug:

Slug flow (/)

T:

Temperature (°C)

x:

Vapor quality

Bo:

Boiling number

Co:

Convection number

bottom:

Bottom

CBD:

Convective boiling

e:

Evaporation

f:

Liquid

i:

Inner

in:

Inlet

le:

Left

loc:

Local

NBD:

Nucleate boiling

o:

Outer

out:

Outlet

r:

Refrigerant

ri:

Right

s:

Secondary fluid

sc:

Subcooled

sub:

Subsection

top:

Top

wi:

Wall inner

wo:

Wall outer

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineering, College of Engineering, Pukyong National University, San 100, Yongdang-dong, Nam-gu, Busan, 608-739, South Korea

    Jung-In Yoon, Chang-Hyo Son, Min-Ju Jeon & Dong-Il Yang

  2. Department of Mechanical System Engineering, College of Engineering, Pukyong National University, San 100, Yongdang-dong, Nam-gu, Busan, 608-739, South Korea

    Suk-Ho Jung

Authors
  1. Jung-In Yoon
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  2. Chang-Hyo Son
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  3. Suk-Ho Jung
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  4. Min-Ju Jeon
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  5. Dong-Il Yang
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Correspondence to Chang-Hyo Son.

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Yoon, JI., Son, CH., Jung, SH. et al. Evaporation heat transfer of carbon dioxide at low temperature inside a horizontal smooth tube. Heat Mass Transfer 53, 1631–1642 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1922-2

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