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Use of calophyllum inophyllum biofuel blended with diesel in DI diesel engine modified with nozzle holes and its size

Heat and Mass Transfer volume 52, pages 1005–1013 (2016)Cite this article

Abstract

Improved thermal efficiency, reduction in fuel consumption and pollutant emissions from biodiesel fueled diesel engines are important issues in engine research. To achieve these, fast and perfect air–biodiesel mixing are the most important requirements. The mixing quality of biodiesel spray with air can be improved by better design of the injection system. The diesel engine tests were conducted on a 4-stroke tangentially vertical single cylinder (TV1) kirloskar 1500 rpm water cooled direct injection diesel engine with eddy current dynamometer. In this work, by varying different nozzles having spray holes of 3 (base, Ø = 0.280 mm), 4 (modified, Ø = 0.220 mm) and 5 (modified, Ø = 0.240 mm) holes, with standard static injection timing of 23° bTDC and nozzle opening pressure (NOP) of 250 bar maintained as constant throughout the experiment under steady state at full load condition of the engine. The effect of varying different nozzle configuration (number of holes), on the combustion, performance and exhaust emissions, using a blend of calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester by volume in diesel were evaluated. The test results showed that improvement in terms of brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption for 4 holes and 5 holes nozzle operated at NOP 250 bar. Substantial improvements in the reduction of emissions levels were also observed for 5 holes nozzle operated at NOP 250 bar.

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Abbreviations

CIME:

Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester

ULSD:

Ultra low sulfur diesel

NOP:

Nozzle opening pressure

B0:

ULSD

B25:

Blend of 25 % CIME with ULSD

B50:

Blend of 50 % CIME with ULSD

B75:

Blend of 75 % CIME with ULSD

B100:

100 % CIME

NH:

Nozzle hole

CI:

Compression ignition

DI:

Direct injection

BSFC:

Brake specific fuel consumption

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

NOx:

Oxides of nitrogen

HSU:

Hartridge smoke unit

SD:

Smoke density

HC:

Hydrocarborn

ppm:

Parts per million

HRR:

Heat release rate

P:

Pressure (bar)

°CA:

Degree crank angle

TDC:

Top dead center

bTDC:

Before top dead center

kW:

KiloWatt

kJ:

KiloJoules

kg:

Kilogram

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology (Autonomous), Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, 626115, India

    G. Vairamuthu

  2. Department of Automobile Engineering, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous), Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, 642 003, India

    S. Sundarapandian

  3. Department of Chemistry, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, 626 005, India

    B. Thangagiri

Authors
  1. G. Vairamuthu
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  2. S. Sundarapandian
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  3. B. Thangagiri
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Correspondence to G. Vairamuthu.

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Vairamuthu, G., Sundarapandian, S. & Thangagiri, B. Use of calophyllum inophyllum biofuel blended with diesel in DI diesel engine modified with nozzle holes and its size. Heat Mass Transfer 52, 1005–1013 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-015-1623-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-015-1623-2

Keywords

  • Diesel Engine
  • Specific Fuel Consumption
  • Injector Nozzle
  • Brake Thermal Efficiency
  • Nozzle Hole