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A review on design criteria for vortex tubes

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Abstract

In this study, the past investigations of the design criteria of vortex tubes were overviewed and the detailed information was presented on the design of them. Vortex tubes were classified and the type of them was described. All criteria on the design of vortex tubes were given in detail using experimental and theoretical results from the past until now. Finally, the criteria on the design of them are summarized.

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Abbreviations

A:

cross section (m2)

CFD:

computational fluid dynamics

COP:

coefficient of performance

c p :

specific heat at constant pressure (kJ kg−1 K−1)

c v :

specific heat at constant volume (kJ kg−1 K−1)

d :

diameter (m)

D :

diameter (m)

h :

enthalpy (kJ kg−1)

k :

specific heat ratio

k :

Boltzmann constant (J K−1)

L :

length (m)

\( \dot{m} \) :

mass flow rate (kg s−1)

N :

number

p :

pressure (Pa)

\( \dot{Q} \) :

heat transfer rate (W)

R :

specific gas constant (kJ kg−1 K−1)

RHVT:

Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube

S :

entropy (W K−1)

T :

temperature (K)

\( T_{\text{sm}}^{*} \) :

temperature assumed to be \( T_{h}^{1 - \varepsilon } T_{c}^{\varepsilon } \)

\( \dot{W} \) :

power (W)

X :

normalised pressure drop \( \left( {X = {{\left( {p_{{\text{in}}} - p_{c} } \right)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\left( {p_{{\text{in}}} - p_{c} } \right)} {p_{{\text{in}}} }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {p_{{\text{in}}} }}} \right) \)

α:

angle of cone-shaped control valve

α:

ratio of hot end area to tube area

β:

cold orifice diameter ratio \( \left( {\beta = {{d_{\text{c}} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{d_{\text{c}} } D}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} D}} \right) \)

ε:

cold fraction

εo :

Lennard–Jones potential

η:

efficiency

ΔT :

temperature difference

\( {{\Updelta T} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\Updelta T} {T_{\text{in}} }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {T_{\text{in}} }} \) :

normalised temperature drop/rise

Γ:

\( {{\left( {k - 1} \right)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\left( {k - 1} \right)} k}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} k} \)

Θ:

irreversibility parameter

\( \tau_{\text{p}} \) :

pressure ratio \( \left( { = {{p_{\text{in}} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{p_{\text{in}} } {p_{\text{c}} }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {p_{\text{c}} }}} \right) \)

atm:

atmosphere

c:

cold

cr:

cooler

cr:

critical

h:

hot

hp:

heat pump

in:

inlet

i:

irreversible

ir:

irreversible

s:

isentropic

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge that this study was supported with a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TÜBİTAK (Project No: 105M028, Project Title: Use of Vortex Tubes in Refrigeration Technique), and Atatürk University Scientific Research Foundation (Project No: BAP 2005/20, Project Title: Use of Vortex Tubes in Refrigeration Technique).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    M. Yilmaz & S. Karagoz

  2. Türk Hava Yolları Teknik A. Ş. Havaalanı, Erzurum, Turkey

    M. Kaya

  3. Erzurum Vocational School of Higher Education, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    S. Erdogan

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  1. M. Yilmaz
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Yilmaz, M., Kaya, M., Karagoz, S. et al. A review on design criteria for vortex tubes. Heat Mass Transfer 45, 613–632 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-008-0447-8

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