References
Wang XZ, Li D, Tao QM, Lin N, Chen ZX (2006) A novel hepatitis B virus X-interactive protein: cytochrome C oxidase III. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 21:711–715
Niu Y, Wu Z, Shen Q, Song J, Luo Q, You H, et al (2013) Hepatitis B virus X protein co-activates pregnane X receptor to induce the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, a potential implication in hepatocarcinogenesis. Dig Liver Dis 45:1041–1048
Kirby GM, Batist G, Alpert L, Lamoureux E, Cameron RG, Alaoui-Jamali MA (1996) Overexpression of cytochrome P-450 isoforms involved in aflatoxin B1 bioactivation in human liver with cirrhosis and hepatitis. Toxicol Pathol 24:458–467
Morcos PN, Moreira SA, Brennan BJ, Blotner S, Shulman NS, Smith PF (2013) Influence of chronic hepatitis C infection on cytochrome P450 3A4 activity using midazolam as an in vivo probe substrate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 69:1777–1784
Gervasoni C, Meraviglia P, Minisci D, Ferraris L, Riva A, Landonio S, et al (2015) Metabolic and kidney disorders correlate with high atazanavir concentrations in HIV-infected patients: is it time to revise atazanavir dosages? PLoS One 10:e0123670
Pageaux GP, le Bricquir Y, Berthou F, Bressot N, Picot MC, Blanc F, Michel H, Larrey D (1998) Effects of interferon-alpha on cytochrome P-450 isoforms 1A2 and 3A activities in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 10(6):491–495
Kiang TK, Wilby KJ, Ensom MH (2013) Telaprevir: clinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and drug-drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet 52:487–510
Milazzo L, Cattaneo D, Calvi E, Gervasoni C, Mazzali C, Ronzi P, et al (2015) Pharmacokinetic interactions between telaprevir and antiretroviral drugs in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with advanced liver fibrosis and prior HCV non-responders. Int J Antimicrob Agents 45:545–549
Bentué-Ferrer D, Arvieux C, Tribut O, Ruffault A, Bellissant E (2009) Clinical pharmacology, efficacy and safety of atazanavir: a review. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 5:1455–1468
de Lastours V, Ferrari Rafael De Silva E, Daudon M, Porcher R, Loze B, Sauvageon H, et al (2013) High levels of atazanavir and darunavir in urine and crystalluria in asymptomatic patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 68:1850–1856
Van den Eynde E, Ferrer E, Podzamczer D (2014) Acute renal failure and liver toxicity in an HIV/hepatitis C coinfected patient receiving telaprevir and boosted atazanavir. AIDS 28:1538–1539
Transparency declarations
None to declare.
Funding
This study was carried out as part of our routine work.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Compliance with ethical standards
This is a retrospective observation describing a case; the patient provided written consent for the case report.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gervasoni, C., Cattaneo, D., Micheli, V. et al. Effect of hepatitis B and C clearance on atazanavir exposure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 71, 1409–1411 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-015-1926-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-015-1926-8