Abstract
Over the last three decades, the advent and the continuous sophistication of telemetry devices have revolutionized our understanding of how pelagic sharks move and exploit their three-dimensional underwater habitat, with implications for management and conservation. In this study, conventional (4,648) and electronic (18) tags were used to assess the horizontal and vertical movements of blue sharks, Prionace glauca, and their vertical overlap with shallow and deep-set longline fishing gears in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Results revealed prolonged permanence in the area, large-scale displacements, including trans-equatorial, trans-Atlantic and Indian–Atlantic movements, and high daily displacement rates. Blue sharks showed an extensive use of the water column and considerable variability among and within individuals in vertical behavior, involving normal and reverse diel vertical migrations, surface-oriented behavior, extended use of mesopelagic waters, and occasional extreme dives into bathypelagic waters. Depth distribution appeared unrelated to size or sex but was influenced by the time of day and temperature, with deeper and colder temperatures consistently found during the day. The moon cycle affected the vertical distribution of some sharks but not others. Temperature-depth recorders deployed on hooks, combined with depth distribution from electronic tags, provided insightful information on the species’ vertical overlap with shallow- and deep-set longline configurations. Encounterability values were higher during nighttime and lower during daytime for both longline configurations, but were largely affected by the individuals’ vertical behavior, highlighting the importance of accounting for environmental conditions besides fishing gear configuration and métiers. This novel information on blue sharks’ movements and fishery interactions in the South Atlantic Ocean can inform future management and conservation strategies.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Acha EM, Mianzan HW, Guerrero RA, Favero M, Bava J (2004) Marine fronts at the continental shelves of austral South America Physical and ecological processes. J Mar Syst 44:83–105
Afonso AS, Macena BCL, Mourato B, Bezerra NPA, Mendonça S, De Queiroz JDGR, Hazin FHV (2022) Trophic-mediated pelagic habitat structuring and partitioning by sympatric elasmobranchs. Front Mar Sci 9:779047. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.779047
Amorim AF (1992) Estudo da biologia da pesca e reprodução do cação-azul, Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758), capturado no sudeste e sul do brasil. PhD Thesis, Universidade Estadual Paulista
Andrzejaczek S, Gleiss AC, Pattiaratchi CB, Meekan MG (2019) Patterns and drivers of vertical movements of the large fishes of the epipelagic. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 29:335–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-019-09555-1
Andrzejaczek S, Lucas TCD, Goodman MC, Hussey NE, Armstrong AJ, Carlisle A et al (2022) Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology. Sci Adv 8:eabo1754. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abo1754
AOTTP (2021) ICCAT Atlantic Ocean Tropical Tuna Tagging Programme (AOTTP) - Final Narrative Report. International Commision fot the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT)
Bach P, Gaertner D, Menkes C, Romanov E, Travassos P (2009) Effects of the gear deployment strategy and current shear on pelagic longline shoaling. Fish Res 95:55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2008.07.009
Bailleul D, Mackenzie A, Sacchi O, Poisson F, Bierne N, Arnaud-Haond S (2018) Large-scale genetic panmixia in the blue shark (Prionace glauca): a single worldwide population, or a genetic lag-time effect of the “grey zone” of differentiation? Evol Appl 11:614–630. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12591
Banzon V, Smith TM, Chin TM, Liu C, Hankins W (2016) A long-term record of blended satellite and in situ sea-surface temperature for climate monitoring, modeling and environmental studies. Earth Syst Sci Data 8:165–176
Barceló C, Domingo A, Miller P, Ortega L, Giffoni B, Sales G, McNaughton L, Marcovaldi M, Heppell SS, Swimmer Y (2013) High-use areas, seasonal movements and dive patterns of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 479:235–250
Bass GA, Rascovich M (1965) A device for the sonic tracking of large fishes. Zoologica 50:75–83
Bigelow K, Musyl MK, Poisson F, Kleiber P (2006) Pelagic longline gear depth and shoaling. Fish Res 77:173–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2005.10.010
Boggs CH (1992) Depth, capture time, and hooked longevity of longline-caught pelagic fish: Timing bites of fish with chips. Fish Bull 90:642–658
Braun CD, Galuardi B, Thorrold SR (2018a) HMMoce: An R package for improved geolocation of archival-tagged fishes using a hidden Markov method. Methods Ecol Evol 9:1212–1220. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12959
Braun CD, Skomal GB, Thorrold SR (2018b) Integrating archival tag data and a high-resolution oceanographic model to estimate basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) movements in the Western Atlantic. Front Mar Sci 5:14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00025
Braun CD, Gaube P, Sinclair-Taylor TH, Skomal GB, Thorrold SR (2019) Mesoscale eddies release pelagic sharks from thermal constraints to foraging in the ocean twilight zone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 116:17187–17192. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903067116
Braun CD, Arostegui MC, Thorrold SR, Papastamatiou YP, Gaube P, Fontes J, Afonso P (2022) The functional and ecological signicance of deep diving by large marine predators. Ann Rev Mar Sci 14:129–159. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-032521-103517
Camhi MD, Lauck E, Pikitch EK, Babcock EA (2008) A global overview of commercial fisheries for open ocean sharks. In: Camhi MD, Pikitch EK, Babcock EA (eds) Sharks of the Open Ocean. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, pp 166–192
Campana SE, Dorey A, Fowler M, Joyce W, Wang Z, Wright D, Yashayaev I (2011) Migration pathways, behavioural thermoregulation and overwintering grounds of blue sharks in the Northwest Atlantic. PLoS ONE 6:e16854. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016854
Campana SE, Joyce W, Fowler M, Showell M (2015) Discards, hooking, and post-release mortality of porbeagle (Lamna nasus), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), and blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the Canadian pelagic longline fishery. ICES J Mar Sci 73:520–528
Cardeñosa D, Shea SK, Zhang H, Fischer GA, Simpfendorfer CA, Chapman DD (2022) Two thirds of species in a global shark fin trade hub are threatened with extinction: conservation potential of international trade regulations for coastal sharks. Conserv Lett 15:e12910. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12910
Carey FG, Gibson QH (1987) Blood flow in the muscle of free-swimming fish. Physiol Zool 60:138–148. https://doi.org/10.1086/physzool.60.1.30158635
Carey FG, Scharold JV, Kalmijn AJ (1990) Movements of blue sharks (Prionace glauca) in depth and course. Mar Biol 106:329–342. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01344309
Carvalho FC, Murie DJ, Hazin FHV, Hazin HG, Leite-Mourato B, Burgess GH (2011) Spatial predictions of blue shark (Prionace glauca) catch rate and catch probability of juveniles in the Southwest Atlantic. ICES J Mar Sci 68:890–900. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr047
Carvalho FC, Ahrens R, Murie D, Bigelow K, Aires-Da-Silva A, Maunder MN, Hazin F (2015) Using pop-up satellite archival tags to inform selectivity in fisheries stock assessment models: a case study for the blue shark in the South Atlantic Ocean. ICES J Mar Sci 72:1715–1730. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv026
Chapman DD, Feldheim KA, Papastamatiou YP, Hueter RE (2015) There and back again: a review of residency and return migrations in sharks, with implications for population structure and management. Annu Rev Mar Sci 7:547–570. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010814-015730
Chassignet EP, Hurlburt HE, Smedstad OM, Halliwell GR, Hogan PJ, Wallcraft AJ, Baraille R, Bleck R (2007) The HYCOM (hybrid coordinate ocean model) data assimilative system. J Mar Syst 65:60–83
Clarke S, Sato M, Small C, Sullivan B, Inoue Y, Ochi D (2014) Bycatch in longline fisheries for Tuna and Tuna-like Species: a global review of status and mitigation measures. FAO, Rome
Coelho R, Fernandez-Carvalho J, Santos MN (2015) Habitat use and diel vertical migration of bigeye thresher shark: overlap with pelagic longline fishing gear. Mar Environ Res 112:91–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.10.009
Coelho R, Macias D, Ortiz Urbina J, Martins A, Monteiro C, Bach P, Murua H, Clark J, Rosa D, Abaunza P (2017) The provision of advice on the conservation of pelagic sharks associated to fishing activity under EU sustainable fisheries partnership agreements in the Atlantic Ocean. Publications Office, LU
Coelho R, Mejuto J, Domingo A, Yokawa K, Liu K-M, Cortés E, Romanov EV, da Silva C, Hazin F, Arocha F, Mwilima AM, Bach P, Ortiz de Zárate V, Roche W, Lino PG, García-Cortés B, Ramos-Cartelle AM, Forselledo R, Mas F, Ohshimo S, Courtney D, Sabarros PS, Perez B, Wogerbauer C, Tsai W-P, Carvalho F, Santos MN (2018) Distribution patterns and population structure of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Fish Fish 19:90–106. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12238
Cortés E, Domingo A, Miller P, Forselledo R, Mas F, Arocha F, Campana S, Coelho R, Silva CD, Hazin FHV, Holtzhausen H, Keene K, Lucena F, Ramirez K, Santos MN, Semba-Murakami Y, Yokawa K (2015) Expanded ecological risk assessment of pelagic sharks caught in Atlantic pelagic longline fisheries. Col Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 71:2637–2688
da Silva C, Kerwath SE, Wilke CG, Meÿer M, Lamberth SJ (2010) First documented southern transatlantic migration of a blue shark Prionace glauca tagged off South Africa. Afr J Mar Sci 32:639–642. https://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2010.540777
Dai X, Xu L, Song L (2008) Depth of blue shark caught by the Chinese deep longline fishery in the tropical ocean. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 62:1467–1473
Dent F, Clarke S (2015) State of the global market for shark products. FAO, Rome
Domeier ML, Kiefer D, Nasby-Lucas N, Wagschal A, O’Brien F (2005) Tracking Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus orientalis) in the northeastern Pacific with an automated algorithm that estimates latitude by matching sea-surface-temperature data from satellites with temperature data from tags on fish. Fish Bull 103:292–306
Domingo A, Mora O, Pons M, Miller P, Pereyra G (2007) Análisis de la CPUE y la composición de tallas de pez espada (Xiphias gladius), capturado por la flota uruguaya (2001–2005) en el Atlántico SW. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 60:1953–1963
Domingo A, Forselledo R, Pons M (2011) Análisis de la información del atún ojo grande (Thunnus obesus) obtenida por el programa nacional de observadores de Uruguay entre 1998 y 2009. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 66:332–350
Domingo A, Forselledo R, Mas F, Miller P (2022) Blue shark. In: ICCAT Manual. International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas. ICCAT Publications [online]
Douglas DC, Weinzierl RC, Davidson S, Kays R, Wikelski M, Bohrer G (2012) Moderating A rgos location errors in animal tracking data. Methods Ecol Evol 3:999–1007
Druon J-N, Campana S, Vandeperre F, Bowlby H, Coelho R, Queiroz N, Serena F, Abascal F, Damalas D, Musyl M, Lopez J, Block B, Afonso P, Dewar H, Sabarros PS, Finucci B, Zanzi A, Bach P, Senina I, Garibaldi F, Sims DW, Navarro J, Cermeño P, Leone A, De M, Francis MP, Hazin H, Travassos P (2022) Global-scale environmental niche and habitat of blue shark (Prionace glauca) by size and sex: a pivotal step to improving stock management. Front Mar Sci 9:828412
Elliott RG, Montgomery JC, Della Penna A, Radford CA (2022) Satellite tags describe movement and diving behaviour of blue sharks Prionace glauca in the southwest Pacific. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 698:77–94. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14037
Forselledo R (2018) Efecto de la variabilidad climática sobre las capturas de atún aleta amarilla (Thunnus albacares) en el Atlántico Sudoccidental. MSc Thesis, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República
Freitas C (2022) Argosfilter: Argos locations filter. R package version 0.70. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=argosfilter
Fujinami Y, Shiozaki K, Hiraoka Y, Semba Y, Ohshimo S, Kai M (2021) Seasonal migrations of pregnant blue sharks Prionace glauca in the northwestern Pacific. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 658:163–179. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13557
Fujinami Y, Kurashima A, Shiozaki K, Hiraoka Y, Semba Y, Ohshimo S, Nakano H, Kai M (2022) New insights into spatial segregation by sex and life-history stage in blue sharks Prionace glauca in the northwestern Pacific. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 696:69–84. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14130
Griffiths S, Duffy L, Aires-da-Silva A (2017) A preliminary ecological risk assessment of the large-scale tuna longline fishery in the eastern Pacific Ocean using Productivity-Susceptibility Analysis. La Jolla, California
Grubs DR (2010) Ontogenetic Shifts in Movements and Habitat Use. In: Carrier JC, Musick JA, Heithaus MR (eds) Biology of sharks and their relatives II: biodiversity, adaptive physiology and conservation, 1st edn. CRC Press, Florida, pp 319–350
Hays GC (2003) A review of the adaptive significance and ecosystem consequences of zooplankton diel vertical migrations. Hydrobiologia 503:163–170
Hazin FHV, Boeckman CE, Leal EC, Lessa RPT, Kihara K, Otsuka K (1994a) Distribution and relative abundance of the blue shark, Prionace glauca, in the southwestern equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Fish Bull 92:474–480
Hazin FHV, Kihara K, Otsuka K, Boeckman CE, Leal EC (1994b) Reproduction of the blue shark Prionace glauca in the south-western equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Fish Sci 60:487–491. https://doi.org/10.2331/fishsci.60.487
Hazin FHV, Pinheiro PB, Broadhurst MK (2000) Further notes on the reproduction of the blue shark and a postulated migratory pattern in the South Atlantic Ocean. Ciência Cultura 52:114–120
Hazin FHV, Broadhurst MK, Amorim AF, Arfelli CA, Domingo A (2008) Catches of pelagic sharks by subsurface longline fisheries in the south atlantic ocean during the last century: a review of available data with emphasis on Uruguay and Brazil. In: Camhi MD, Pikitch EK, Babcock EA (eds) Sharks of the Open Ocean. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK, pp 213–229
Heard M, Rogers PJ, Bruce BD, Humphries NE, Huveneers C (2018) Plasticity in the diel vertical movement of two pelagic predators (Prionace glauca and Alopias vulpinus) in the southeastern Indian Ocean. Fish Oceanogr 27:199–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12245
Hinrichs T, Donnaloia M, Zupa W, Prato G, Niedermuller S, Carbonara P, Krumme U (2021) Size and season matters: diel vertical movement of blue sharks in the southern Adriatic Sea. In: 2021 International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea). IEEE, Reggio Calabria, Italy, pp 268–273
Hirschfeld M, Dudgeon C, Sheaves M, Barnett A (2021) Barriers in a sea of elasmobranchs: from fishing for populations to testing hypotheses in population genetics. Global Ecol Biogeogr 30:2147–2163. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13379
Horodysky AZ, Cooke SJ, Graves JE, Brill RW (2016) Fisheries conservation on the high seas: linking conservation physiology and fisheries ecology for the management of large pelagic fishes. Conserv Physiol. https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/cov059
Howey LA, Tolentino ER, Papastamatiou YP, Brooks EJ, Watanabe YY, Williams S, Brooks A, Chapman DD, Jordan LKB (2016) Into the deep: the functionality of mesopelagic excursions by an oceanic apex predator. Ecol Evol 6:5290–5304. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2260
Howey LA, Wetherbee BM, Tolentino ER, Shivji MS (2017) Biogeophysical and physiological processes drive movement patterns in a marine predator. Mov Ecol 5:16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-017-0107-z
Hueter RE, Tyminski JP, Morris JJ, Ruiz Abierno A, Angulo Valdes J (2017) Horizontal and vertical movements of longfin makos (Isurus paucus) tracked with satellite-linked tags in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. Fish Bull 115:101–116
Hutchinson M, Siders Z, Stahl J, Bigelow K (2021) Quantitative estimates of post-release survival rates of sharks captured in Pacific tuna longline fisheries reveal handling and discard practices that improve survivorship. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Kai M, Fujinami Y (2020) Estimation of mean movement rates for blue sharks in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Anim Biotelemetry 8:35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-020-00223-x
Kohler NE, Turner PA (2001) Shark tagging: a review of conventional methods and studies. Environ Biol Fish 60:191–223. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007679303082
Kohler NE, Turner PA (2019) Distributions and movements of atlantic shark species: a 52-year retrospective atlas of mark and recapture data. Mar Fish Rev 81:1–93. https://doi.org/10.7755/MFR.81.2.1
Legat JFA, Vooren CM (2004) Reproductive cycle and migration of blue shark (Prionace glauca) in South Atlantic Ocean. In: Rivas AAF, MacKinlay D (eds) de Carvalho CE, Petrere JrM. Fish Communities and Fisheries, Manaus, pp 25–35
Litvinov FF (2006) On the role of dense aggregations of males and juveniles in the functional structure of the range of the blue shark Prionace glauca. J Ichthyol 46:613–624. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945206080091
Logan JM, Golet W, Smith SC, Neilson J, Guelpen LV (2021) Broadbill swordfish (Xiphias gladius) foraging and vertical movements in the north-west Atlantic. J Fish Biol 99:557–568. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14744
Madigan DJ, Richardson AJ, Carlisle AB, Weber SB, Brown J, Hussey NE (2021a) Water column structure defines vertical habitat of twelve pelagic predators in the South Atlantic. ICES J Mar Sci 78:867–883. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa222
Madigan DJ, Shipley ON, Carlisle AB, Dewar H, Snodgrass OE, Hussey NE (2021b) isotopic tracers suggest limited trans-oceanic movements and regional residency in north pacific blue sharks (Prionace glauca). Front Mar Sci 8:653606. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.653606
Mas F, Cortés E, Coelho R, Defeo O, Forselledo R, Jiménez S, Miller P, Domingo A (2022) Shedding rates and retention performance of conventional dart tags in large pelagic sharks: insights from a double-tagging experiment on blue shark (Prionace glauca). Fish Res 255:106462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106462
Mas F, Cortés E, Coelho R, Defeo O, Forselledo R, Domingo A (2023) New insights into the reproductive biology of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the South Atlantic Ocean. Fish Res 262:106643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106643
Mejuto J, García-Cortés B (2005) Reproductive and distribution parameters of the blue shark Prionace glauca, on the basis of on-board observations at sea In the Atlantic, Indian and pacific oceans. Col Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 58:951–973
Mejuto J, García-Cortés B, Ramos-Cartelle A (2005) Tagging-recapture activities of large pelagic sharks carried out by Spain or in collaboration with the tagging programs of other countries. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 58:974–1000
Montealegre-Quijano S, Vooren CM (2010) Distribution and abundance of the life stages of the blue shark Prionace glauca in the Southwest Atlantic. Fish Res 101:168–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2009.10.001
Moyes CD, Fragoso N, Musyl MK, Brill RW (2006) Predicting postrelease survival in large pelagic fish. Trans Am Fish Soc 135:1389–1397. https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-224.1
Musyl MK, Gilman EL (2018) Post-release fishing mortality of blue (Prionace glauca) and silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformes) from a Palauan-based commercial longline fishery. Rev Fish Biol Fish 28:567–586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-018-9517-2
Musyl MK, Gilman EL (2019) Meta-analysis of post-release fishing mortality in apex predatory pelagic sharks and white marlin. Fish Fish 20:466–500. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12358
Nelson DR (1990) Telemetry studies of sharks: a review, with applications in resource management. NOAA Tech Rep NMFS 90:211–237
Nikolic N, Devloo-Delva F, Bailleul D, Noskova E, Rougeux C, Delord C, Borsa P, Liautard-Haag C, Hassan M, Marie AD, Feutry P, Grewe P, Davies C, Farley J, Fernando D, Biton-Porsmoguer S, Poisson F, Parker D, Leone A, Aulich J, Lansdell M, Marsac F, Arnaud-Haond S (2022) Stepping up to genome scan allows stock differentiation in the worldwide distributed blue shark Prionace glauca. Mol Ecol. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16822
Nosal A, Cartamil D, Wegner N, Lam C, Hastings P (2019) Movement ecology of young-of-the-year blue sharks Prionace glauca and shortfin makos Isurus oxyrinchus within a putative binational nursery area. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 623:99–115. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13021
Okazaki M, Mizuno K, Watanabe T, Yanagi S (1997) Improved model of micro bathythermograph system for tuna longline boats and its application to fisheries oceanography. Bull Nat Res Inst Far Seas Fish 34:25–41
Oliver S, Braccini M, Newman SJ, Harvey ES (2015) Global patterns in the bycatch of sharks and rays. Mar Policy 54:86–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.12.017
Ortega L, Martínez A (2007) Multiannual and seasonal variability of water masses and fronts over the uruguayan shelf. J Coast Res 23:618–629
Passadore C, Szephegyi M, Domingo A (2008) Presencia de mamíferos marinos y captura incidental en la flota uruguaya de palangre pelágico (1998–2007). Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 62:1851–1857
Queiroz N, Lima FP, Maia A, Ribeiro PA, Correia JP, Santos AM (2005) Movement of blue shark, Prionace glauca, in the north-east atlantic based on mark–recapture data. J Mar Biol Ass 85:1107–1112. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315405012154
Queiroz N, Humphries NE, Noble LR, Santos AM, Sims DW (2012) Spatial dynamics and expanded vertical niche of blue sharks in oceanographic fronts reveal habitat targets for conservation. PLoS One 7:e32374. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032374
Queiroz N, Vila-Pouca C, Couto A, Southall EJ, Mucientes G, Humphries NE, Sims DW (2017) Convergent foraging tactics of marine predators with different feeding strategies across heterogeneous ocean environments. Front Mar Sci 4:239. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00239
R Core Team (2022) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria
Rice PH, Goodyear CP, Prince ED, Snodgrass D, Serafy JE (2007) Use of catenary geometry to estimate hook depth during near-surface pelagic longline fishing: theory versus practice. North Am J Fish Manag 27:1148–1161. https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-114.1
Rigby CL, Barreto R, Carlson J, Fernando D, Fordham S, Francis MP, Herman K, Jabado RW, Liu K-M, Marshall A, Pacoreau N, Romanov EV, Sherely RB, Winker H (2019) Prionace glauca. IUCN Red List Threat Species. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T39381A2915850.en
Rondon-Medicci M, Cardoso LG, Mourato B, Rosa LD (2023) Blue shark (Prionace glauca) occurrence and relative abundance in the western South Atlantic Ocean influenced by spatiotemporal variability, environmental variables, and oceanographic processes. Mar Environ Res 183:105842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105842
Santos CC, Domingo A, Carlson J, Natanson LJ, Travassos P, Macías D, Cortés E, Miller P, Hazin F, Mas F (2021) Movements, habitat use, and diving behavior of shortfin mako in the Atlantic Ocean. Front Mar Sci 8:1025
Sciarrotta TC, Nelson DR (1977) Diel behavior of the blue shark, Prionace glauca bear Santa Catalina Island, California. Fish Bull 75:519–528
Simpfendorfer CA, Heupel MR (2012) Assessing habitat use and movement. In: Carrier JC, Musick JA, Heithaus MR (eds) Biology of sharks and their relatives, 2nd edn. CRC Press, pp 423–452
Stevens JD (1990) Further results from a tagging study of pelagic sharks in the north-east Atlantic. J Mar Biol Ass 70:707–720. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400058999
Stevens JD, Bradford RW, West GJ (2010) Satellite tagging of blue sharks (Prionace glauca) and other pelagic sharks off eastern Australia: depth behaviour, temperature experience and movements. Mar Biol 157:575–591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1343-6
Testerman CB (2014) Molecular ecology of globally distributed sharks. PhD Thesis, Nova Southeastern University
Thieurmel B, Elmarhraoui A (2022) suncalc: Compute Sun Position, Sunlight Phases, Moon Position and Lunar Phase_. R package version 0.5.1, <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=suncalc>
Thorrold SR, Afonso P, Fontes J, Braun CD, Santos RS, Skomal GB, Berumen ML (2014) Extreme diving behaviour in devil rays links surface waters and the deep ocean. Nat Commun 5:1–7
Tyminski JP (2015) Vertical movements and patterns in diving behavior of whale sharks as revealed by pop-up satellite tags in the eastern gulf of Mexico. PLoS One 10:e0142156. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142156
Vandeperre F, Aires-da-Silva A, Fontes J, Santos M, Serrão Santos R, Afonso P (2014) Movements of blue sharks (Prionace glauca) across their life history. PLoS One 9:e103538. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103538
Vandeperre F, Aires-da-Silva A, Lennert-Cody C, Serrão Santos R, Afonso P (2016) Essential pelagic habitat of juvenile blue shark (Prionace glauca) inferred from telemetry data. Limnol Oceanogr 61:1605–1625. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10321
Vedor M, Mucientes G, Hernández-Chan S, Rosa R, Humphries N, Sims DW, Queiroz N (2021a) Oceanic diel vertical movement patterns of blue sharks vary with water temperature and productivity to change vulnerability to fishing. Front Mar Sci 8:688076. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.688076
Vedor M, Queiroz N, Mucientes G, Couto A, da Costa I, dos Santos A, Vandeperre F, Fontes J, Afonso P, Rosa R, Humphries NE, Sims DW (2021) Climate-driven deoxygenation elevates fishing vulnerability for the ocean’s widest ranging shark. eLife 10:e62508. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62508
Watanabe YY, Nakamura I, Chiang W-C (2021) Behavioural thermoregulation linked to foraging in blue sharks. Mar Biol 168:161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03971-3
Wögerbauer C, O’Reilly S, Doody C, Green P, Roche W (2016) Recent data (2007–2013) from the Irish blue shark recreational fishery. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT 72:1150–1166
Acknowledgements
We are thankful to all scientific observers from the Programa Nacional de Observadores de la Flota Atunera Uruguaya (PNOFA) of the Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA, Uruguay) who contributed with tagging effort, and to all skippers and fishermen who kindly reported recaptures. This study was carried out as part of FM Ph.D. thesis in Biological Sciences (Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas, (PEDECIBA), Uruguay; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Uruguay). FM was supported by a Doctoral grant from Agencia Nacional de Innovación e Investigación (ANII, ref: POS_NAC_2017_1_141427) and Comisión Académica de Posgrado (CAP). FM benefited from the financial support from the ICCAT Japanese Capacity Building Fund for an internship at the Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA).
Funding
FM was supported by a Doctoral grant from Agencia Nacional de Innovación e Investigación (ANII, ref: POS_NAC_2017_1_141427) and Comisión Académica de Posgrado (CAP). FM benefited from the financial support from the ICCAT Japanese Capacity Building Fund for an internship at the Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Conceptualization: FM, EC, RC, OD, PM, AD; Data curation: FM, PM, SG; Formal analysis: FM; Visualization: FM; Writing – original draft: FM; Writing—review & editing: FM, EC, RC, OD, PM, JC, SG, AD; Resources: AD, EC, JC. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
One of the co-authors, JC, is an associate editor of Marine Biology journal. There were no conflicts of interest during the submission, revision, and publication process. The remaining authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
Ethical approval
Animal manipulation and tagging was performed by the National Directorate of Aquatic Resources (DINARA), which is registered in the National Commission of Animal Experimentation (CNEA, https://www.cnea.gub.uy).
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publish
Not applicable.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: F. Martinho.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Mas, F., Cortés, E., Coelho, R. et al. Blue shark (Prionace glauca) movements, habitat use, and vertical overlap with longline fishing gears in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Mar Biol 171, 106 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-024-04421-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-024-04421-6