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Deep sea benthic bioluminescence at artificial food falls, 1,000–4,800 m depth, in the Porcupine Seabight and Abyssal Plain, North East Atlantic Ocean

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Abstract

Natural bioluminescence (that not mechanically stimulated by human intervention) produced by organisms on the seafloor of the northeast Atlantic ocean between 970 and 4,800 m depth was examined using an image intensifying (ISIT) camera mounted on an autonomous lander system. In the absence of bait little or no luminescence was observed but with bait present there was a significant inverse relationship with depth, Log10 (1 +  number of events h−1) = 1.7627–0.3235 depth (km) (r2 = 0.8158, P < 0.001) indicating an average of 2.6 events h−1 at 4 km and 28 h−1 at 1 km. But in an area at ca. 1 km depth near carbonate and coral mounds the mean was 133 events h−1, much higher than predicted. In this bioluminescent hot spot 52–483 events h−1 were observed including moving luminescent targets and release of patches of luminescent material into the water around the bait so that on occasions the whole area around the bait was illuminated persisting on a time scale of minutes. At abyssal depths, luminescence was much less than reported at similar depths in the tropical NE Atlantic off Cape Verde. The sources of luminescence could not be determined but in the most active areas were associated with presence of eels Synaphobranchus kaupii which although themselves not luminescent may have stimulated luminescence from prey organisms such as ostracods (Vargula norvegica).

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Acknowledgments

EJVG was supported by a NERC studentship and the project was funded by NERC grants GR3/B1212–PJH and JCP and GR3 /12789–IGP. We thank the ship’s company of RRS Discovery on a series of cruises and Alain Zuur of Highland Statistics Ltd. for advice on analysis. Research complied with the laws of the Republic of Ireland, within whose waters some of the work was done, and of the UK.

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Author notes

  1. E. J. V. Gillibrand

    Present address: Robert Gordon University, Schoolhill, Aberdeen, AB10 1FR, UK

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Main Street, Newburgh, Aberdeen, AB41 6AA, UK

    E. J. V. Gillibrand, P. Bagley, A. Jamieson, R. Milne & I. G. Priede

  2. National Oceanography Centre, Empress Dock, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK

    P. J. Herring

  3. School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UG, UK

    J. C. Partridge

  4. British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 OET, UK

    M. A. Collins

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  1. E. J. V. Gillibrand
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  8. I. G. Priede
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Correspondence to I. G. Priede.

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Communicated by J.P. Thorpe, Port Erin

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Gillibrand, E.J.V., Bagley, P., Jamieson, A. et al. Deep sea benthic bioluminescence at artificial food falls, 1,000–4,800 m depth, in the Porcupine Seabight and Abyssal Plain, North East Atlantic Ocean. Mar Biol 150, 1053–1060 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0407-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0407-0

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