Abstract
Silica/montmorillonite nanoparticles (silica/MMT-NPs) were synthesized by sol–gel method for stabilizing paraffin oil Pickering emulsion (oil-in-water) which was used for wood treatment. The self-condensation during silica/MMT-NPs preparation resulted in intercalation rather than delamination for MMT, leading to increased droplet size of Pickering. The droplet size increased with the increasing concentration of silica/MMT-NPs owing to the aggregation of nanoparticles. After Pickering treatment, a rough surface could form via silica/MMT-NPs deposition in cell lumens, which was covered by paraffin to attain hydrophobicity. Moreover, paraffin penetration and pore-filling of hybrids in cell walls were beneficial for decreasing water absorption, and nanoparticles improved the thermal stability. These findings indicated a synergistically effect provided for improving properties of treated woods via one-step method.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aveyard R, Binks BP, Clint JH (2003) Emulsions stabilised solely by colloidal particles. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 100:503–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8686(02)00069-6
Binks BP (2002) Particles as surfactants-similarities and differences. Curr Opin Colloid Interf Sci 7:21–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-0294(02)00008-0
Cui Y, Threlfall M, van Duijneveldt SJ (2011) Optimizing organoclay stabilized Pickering emulsions. J Colloid Interface Sci 356:665–671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.01.046
Griffith C, Daigle H (2018) Manipulation of Pickering emulsion rheology using hydrophilically modified silica nanoparticles in brine. J Colloid Interface Sci 509:132–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.100
Gun’ko VM, Zarko VI, Leboda R, Chibowski E (2001) Aqueous suspension of fumed oxides: particle size distribution and zeta potential. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 91:1–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8686(99)00026-3
Humar M, Kržišnik D, Lesar B, Thaler N, Ugovšek A, Zupančič K, Žlahtič M (2017) Thermal modification of wax-impregnated wood to enhance its physical, mechanical, and biological properties. Holzforschung 71:57–64. https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2016-0063
Jiang J, Wang W, Shen H, Wang J, Cao J (2017) Characterization of silica particles modified with γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. Appl Surf Sci 397:104–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.11.075
Jiang J, Cao J, Wang W (2018a) Characteristics of wood-silica composites influenced by the pH value of silica sols. Holzforschung 72:311–319. https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0126
Jiang J, Cao J, Wang W, Shen H (2018b) Preparation of a synergistically stabilized oil-in-water paraffin Pickering emulsion for potential application in wood treatment. Holzforschung 72:489–497. https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0154
Jiang J, Cao J, Wang W, Mei C (2018c) Analysis on the influence of component ratio on properties of Silica/Montmorillonite nanocomposites. Materials 11:2074. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11112074
Jiang J, ZhouY, Mei C, Cao J (2021) Polyethylene glycol and silica sol penetration improves hydrophobicity and dimensional stability of wood after a short-time treatment. Eur J Wood Prod. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-021-01710-5
Kanokwijitsilp T, Traiperm P, Osotchan T, Srikhirin T (2016) Development of abrasion resistance SiO2 nanocomposite coating for teak wood. Prog Org Coat 93:118–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2015.12.004
Lebdioua K, Aimable A, Cerbelaud M, Videcoq A, Peyratout C (2018) Influence of different surfactants on Pickering emulsions stabilized by submicronic silica particles. J Colloid Interface Sci 520:127–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.019
Lesar B, Humar M (2011) Use of wax emulsions for improvement of wood durability and sorption properties. Eur J Wood Prod 69:231–238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0425-y
Liu R, Sun W, Cao J, Wang J (2016) Surface properties of in situ organo-montmorillonite modified wood flour and the influence on mechanical properties of composites with polypropylene. Appl Surf Sci 361:234–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.11.178
Low LE, Siva SP, Ho YK, Chan ES, Tey BT (2020) Recent advances of characterization techniques for the formation, physical properties and stability of Pickering emulsion. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 277:102117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102117
Manova E, Aranda P, Martín-Luengo MA, Letaïef S, Ruiz-Hitzky E (2010) New titania-clay nanostructured porous materials. Micropor Mesopor Mater 131:252–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2009.12.031
Pichot R, Spyropoulos F, Norton IT (2010) O/W emulsions stabilised by both low molecular weight surfactants and colloidal particles: The effect of surfactant type and concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 352:128–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.08.021
Pierre AC, Rigacci A (2011) SiO2 Aerogels. In: Aegerter M., Leventis N., Koebel M (eds) Aerogels handbook. Advances in Sol-Gel derived materials and technologies. Springer, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7589-8_2
Poovarodom S, Berg JC (2010) Effect of particle and surfactant acid–base properties on charging of colloids in apolar media. J Colloid Interface Sci 346:370–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.03.012
Salari A, Tabarsa T, Khazaeian A, Saraeian A (2013) Improving some of applied properties of oriented strand board (OSB) made from underutilized low quality paulownia (Paulownia fortunie) wood employing nano-SiO2. Ind Crops Prod 42:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.05.010
Shah SM, Zulfiqar U, Hussain SZ, Ahmad I, Hussain I, Subhani T (2017) A durable superhydrophobic coating for the protection of wood materials. Mater Lett 203:17–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.05.126
Stiller S, Gers-Barlag H, Lergenmueller M, Pflucker F, Schulz J, Wittern KP, Daniels R (2004) Investigation of the stability in emulsions stabilized with different surface modified titanium dioxides. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Aspects 232:261–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2003.11.003
Tarrio-Saavedra J, López-Beceiro J, Naya S, Artiaga R (2008) Effect of silica content on thermal stability of fumed silica/epoxy composites. Polym Degrad Stab 93:2133–2137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.08.006
Tsioptsias C, Panayiotou C (2011) Thermal stability and hydrophobicity enhancement of wood through impregnation with aqueous solutions and supercritical carbon dioxide. J Mater Sci 46:5406–5411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5480-1
Acknowledgements
This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31570542) and (No. 31901248).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jiang, J., Cao, J. & Mei, C. Microstructure, hydrophobicity and thermal stability of wood treated by silica/montmorillonite nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion (I). Wood Sci Technol 56, 111–121 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-021-01338-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-021-01338-x