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Study on the demethylation of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin and the properties of lignin–epoxy resin blends

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Abstract

To increase hydroxyl content in lignin, demethylation of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (DML) was conducted using 1-dodecanethiol as nucleophilic reagent and sodium methoxide as catalyst in this work. Under alkaline conditions, the demethylated lignin–epoxy resin (DML-EP) was synthesized by demethylated lignin reacted with epichlorohydrin (ECH). The optimum conditions for the synthesis of DML-EP were: 80 °C, 2.5 h, molar ratio of ECH and NaOH to phenolic hydroxyl of 7.5 and 1.2, respectively. FTIR spectrum showed the epoxy group appeared in the product. Then, the lignin-based epoxy composites were produced by cast molding method. Tensile strength test reflects that DML-EP-reinforced epoxy composites have an obvious improvement in tensile strength and elongation of about 27 and 34% compared to the pure epoxy resin with 5% content. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the fractured surface of DML-EP/epoxy composites was rough. Rheological analysis showed that the cured DML-EP/E-51 epoxy resin composites had better elasticity and bonding effect. TGA experiment showed the thermal stability of DML-EP/epoxy composites was also improved. Non-isothermal method was used to analyze the curing kinetics of E-51 resin and DML-EP/E-51 composites, and the curing apparent activation energy was calculated using the Kissinger and Ozawa methods.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31200451). And we also thank Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University, for SEM characterization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People’s Republic of China

    Fang Wang, Juntao Kuai, Hengshi Pan, Nana Wang & Xinbao Zhu

  2. Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, Nanjing, 210037, People’s Republic of China

    Fang Wang & Xinbao Zhu

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  1. Fang Wang
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  2. Juntao Kuai
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  3. Hengshi Pan
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  4. Nana Wang
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Correspondence to Fang Wang.

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Wang, F., Kuai, J., Pan, H. et al. Study on the demethylation of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin and the properties of lignin–epoxy resin blends. Wood Sci Technol 52, 1343–1357 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-018-1024-z

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