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Fire retardancy and CO/CO2 emission of intumescent coatings on thin plywood panel with waterborne vinyl acetate-acrylic resin

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Abstract

Using intumescent coatings on wood-based materials is an effective method for fire safety. Previous studies have demonstrated that the formulation of components strongly influences the performance of coatings. This study investigated the effect of intumescent formulation of vinyl acetate-acrylic coating on flame retardancy of plywood. The fire retardancy of materials was assessed by both heat release and CO and CO2 emissions. The CO and CO2 emissions have not been used frequently to rank materials; the highly toxic CO and CO2 may cause most fire fatalities. The fire retardancy of coatings on plywood was assessed by a cone calorimeter. Total heat release and time to peak heat release rate were the two primary parameters. The data show that low contents of binder resin (BR) and foam producing substance (FPS) decreased total heat release and lengthened time to peak heat release rate. Additionally, low BR and FPS content can form an ideal char layer. The ideal char layer significantly decreased the CO and CO2 emission. The mechanism to achieve better fire performance was verified by thermogravimetrical analysis exhibiting lower weight loss. Moreover, evaluated by 31P NMR, the low BR and FPS content can extend the survival duration of phosphor-carbonaceous chars. The results provide information for designing vinyl acetate-acrylic emulsion coating.

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Abbreviations

BR:

Binder resin

CS:

Carbonizing substance

FPS:

Foam producing substance

DA:

Dehydrating agent

VAC:

Vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer emulsion resin

PER:

Pentaerythritol

APP:

Ammonium polyphosphate

HRRav :

Average heat release rate

PHRR:

Peak heat release rate

THR:

Total heat release

Tig:

Time to ignition

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Acknowledgments

Financial support (NSC 98-2622-B-005-009-CC3, and 99-2622-E-327-010-CC3) from National Science Council, Taiwan, is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Chih-Shen Chuang

  2. Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan

    Te-Hsin Yang

  3. Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kao-hsiung, 811, Taiwan

    Kuang-Chung Tsai

  4. Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan

    Tsung-Yao Tseng

  5. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Ming-Kuang Wang

Authors
  1. Chih-Shen Chuang
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  2. Te-Hsin Yang
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  3. Kuang-Chung Tsai
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Correspondence to Kuang-Chung Tsai.

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Chuang, CS., Yang, TH., Tsai, KC. et al. Fire retardancy and CO/CO2 emission of intumescent coatings on thin plywood panel with waterborne vinyl acetate-acrylic resin. Wood Sci Technol 47, 353–367 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-012-0491-x

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