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Does Vitamin D Insufficiency Influence Prebiotic Effect on Calcium Absorption and Bone Retention?

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Abstract

Higher calcium (Ca) absorption would partially compensate for Ca intake below requirements for bone health. Previously, we found that GOS/FOS prebiotic mixture (PM) increases Ca absorption in the colon and retention in bone. Ca absorption and retention are regulated by vitamin D (VD). Hence, it is relevant to explore whether VD insufficiency influences the effect of the PM in the colon. The effect of the PM on Ca, phosphate (IP), and magnesium (Mg) absorption and retention under conditions of VD sufficiency and insufficiency (VDInsuff) was compared using a preclinical model of VDInsuff and low bone mass. Ovariectomized rats were fed isocaloric semisynthetic diets according to AIN-93 M. The diets varied in Ca (0.5% or 0.3%), VD [100 IU% (+ D) or 0 IU% (− D)], and PM (2.5% or 0%) content. The following eight groups were studied: + D0.5; + D0.3; + DPM0.5; + DPM0.3; − D0.5; − D0.3; − DPM0.5; and − DPM0.3. Irrespective of Ca content, VDInsuff did not affect the prebiotic effect of the PM on caecum pH, lactobacillus colony growth, or Mg absorption but significantly decreased its effect on colonic crypt length and cell/crypt and Ca and IP absorption. The PM failed to counterbalance the pro-inflammatory effect of VDInsuff. Moreover, bone retention i.e., bone mineral content and density, bone volume, and bone quality parameters were significantly lower (p < 0.05) and bone turnover significantly was higher (p < 0.05). Although the PM is a useful tool to improve mineral absorption and bone retention, it would seem important to monitor VD nutritional status to ensure the full prebiotic effect in the large intestine.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank technicians Ricardo Orzuza and Julia Somoza for their technical assistance. The present study was supported by Grants of Buenos Aires University (UBACyT 20020170100011BA) and CONICET (PIP 11220130100199CO).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital “José de San Martín”, Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Mariana Seijo, Marina N. Bonanno, Gabriel Bryk, Magali E. Zeni Coronel & Susana N. Zeni

  2. Department of Embryology and Histology, School of Dentistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marina N. Bonanno

  3. Laboratory Division, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Ashdod, Israel

    Gabriel Bryk

  4. Department of Biostatistics, School of Veterinary Sciences (FVet), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Magali E. Zeni Coronel

  5. Food Science and Nutrition Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Maria Luz Pita Martin de Portela

  6. Cordoba Ave 2351, 8th floor, Zip Code 1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Susana N. Zeni

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  1. Mariana Seijo
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Contributions

Author SNZ and PMPML designed the study and prepared the first draft of the paper. SNZ is guarantor. Authors SM, BMS, BG, and ZCM contributed to the experimental work. Author SM was responsible for statistical analysis of the data. All authors revised the paper critically for intellectual content and approved the final version. All authors agree to be accountable for the work and to ensure that any questions relating to the accuracy and integrity of the paper are investigated and properly resolved.

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Correspondence to Susana N. Zeni.

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Seijo Mariana, Bonanno Marina Soledad, Bryk Gabriel, Zeni Coronel Magalí, Pita Martín de Portela María Luz, and Zeni Susana Noemí declares have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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Experimental protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee of UBA (Resolution CS4081/04).

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Seijo, M., Bonanno, M.N., Bryk, G. et al. Does Vitamin D Insufficiency Influence Prebiotic Effect on Calcium Absorption and Bone Retention?. Calcif Tissue Int 111, 300–312 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-022-00984-y

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