Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a serious adverse event that is associated with antiresorptive agents, and it manifests as bone exposure in the maxillofacial region. Previous clinical reports suggest that mechanical trauma would trigger ONJ in a manner that is similar to tooth extractions. To the best of our knowledge, there have been few detailed pathophysiological investigations of the mechanisms by which occlusal/mechanical trauma influences ONJ. Here, we developed a novel mouse model that exhibits ONJ following experimental hyperocclusion and nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BP) treatment. This in vivo model exhibited ONJ in alveolar bone, particularly in the mandible. Moreover, the experimental hyperocclusion induced remarkable alveolar bone resorption in both mouse mandible and maxilla, whereas N-BP treatment completely prevented alveolar bone resorption. In this study, we also modeled trauma by exposing clumps of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/extracellular matrix complex to hydrostatic pressure in combination with N-BP. Hydrostatic pressure loading induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release by calcified cell clumps that were differentiated from MSCs; this LDH release was enhanced by N-BP priming. These in vivo and in vitro models may contribute further insights into the effect of excessive mechanical loading on ONJ onset in patients with occlusal trauma.
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Acknowledgements
This study was partially supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan to Y.M. [17K17181 and 20K18604].
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This study was partially supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan to Y.M. [17K17181 and 20K18604].
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YM: Conceptualization, formal analysis, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, visualization, and writing—original draft. KO: Data curation, formal analysis, and investigation. RY: Data curation, investigation, and validation. YS: Data curation, formal analysis, investigation, and validation. T-YP: Resources and supervision. MK: Methodology and supervision. YY: Methodology and supervision. HN: Funding acquisition and supervision. TM: Supervision. All authors critically reviewed and edited the article; all authors agreed with its submission for publication.
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Yuichi Mine, Karin Okuda, Reina Yoshioka, Yuuki Sasaki, Tzu-Yu Peng, Masato Kaku, Yuji Yoshiko, Hiroki Nikawa, and Takeshi Murayama declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Animal care and experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines of relevant institutional authorities and approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments at Hiroshima University (Approval No. A18-106). No human studies were performed in the manuscript.
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Mine, Y., Okuda, K., Yoshioka, R. et al. Occlusal Trauma and Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 110, 380–392 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-021-00916-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-021-00916-2