References
Sioka C, Fotopoulos A (2020) Parity, breastfeeding, and osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-020-00766-4
de Bakker CMJ, Burt LA, Gabel L, Hanley DA, Boyd SK (2020) Associations between breastfeeding history and early postmenopausal bone loss. Calcif Tissue Int 106:264–273
Li D, Hitchcock CL, Barr SI, Yu T, Prior JC (2014) Negative spinal bone mineral density changes and subclinical ovulatory disturbances–prospective data in healthy premenopausal women with regular menstrual cycles. Epidemiol Rev 36:137–147
Fox KM, Magaziner J, Sherwin R, Scott JC, Plato CC, Nevitt M, Cummings S (1993) Reproductive correlates of bone mass in elderly women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. J Bone Miner Res 8:901–908
Grizzo FMF, Alarcão ACJ, Dell’ Agnolo CM, Pedroso RB, Santos TS, Vissoci JRN, Pinheiro MM, Carvalho MDB, Pelloso SM (2020) How does women’s bone health recover after lactation? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 31:413–427
Kovacs CS (2016) Maternal mineral and bone metabolism during pregnancy, lactation, and post-weaning recovery. Physiol Rev 96:449–547
Ó Breasail M, Prentice A, Ward K (2020) Pregnancy-related bone mineral and microarchitecture changes in women aged 30 to 45 years. J Bone Miner Res 35:1253–1262
Bjornerem A, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Wang X, Bui M, Walker SP, Zebaze R, Seeman E (2017) Irreversible deterioration of cortical and trabecular microstructure associated with breastfeeding. J Bone Miner Res 32:681–687
Brembeck P, Lorentzon M, Ohlsson C, Winkvist A, Augustin H (2015) Changes in cortical volumetric bone mineral density and thickness, and trabecular thickness in lactating women postpartum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100:535–543
Liu XS, Wang L, de Bakker CMJ, Lai X (2019) Mechanical regulation of the maternal skeleton during reproduction and lactation. Curr Osteoporos Rep 17:375–386
Cooke-Hubley S, Gao Z, Mugford G et al (2019) Parity and lactation are not associated with incident fragility fractures or radiographic vertebral fractures over 16 years of follow-up: Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). Arch Osteoporos 14:49
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Chantal MJ de Bakker, Lauren A Burt, Leigh Gabel, David A Hanley, and Steven K Boyd have nothing to disclose.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
de Bakker, C.M.J., Burt, L.A., Gabel, L. et al. Parity, Breastfeeding, and Osteoporosis—Authors’ Response. Calcif Tissue Int 108, 279–280 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-020-00767-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-020-00767-3