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Effects of High-Intensity Interval Running Versus Cycling on Sclerostin, and Markers of Bone Turnover and Oxidative Stress in Young Men

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Abstract

This study compared sclerostin’s response to impact versus no-impact high-intensity interval exercise in young men and examined the association between exercise-induced changes in sclerostin and markers of bone turnover and oxidative stress. Twenty healthy men (22.3 ± 2.3 years) performed two high-intensity interval exercise trials (crossover design); running on treadmill and cycling on cycle ergometer. Trials consisted of eight 1 min running or cycling intervals at ≥ 90% of maximal heart rate, separated by 1 min passive recovery intervals. Blood samples were collected at rest (pre-exercise), and 5 min, 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h following each trial. Serum levels of sclerostin, cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTXI), procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and protein carbonyls (PC) were measured. There was no significant time or exercise mode effect for PINP and PC. A significant time effect was found for sclerostin, CTXI, and TBARS with no significant exercise mode effect and no significant time-by-mode interaction. Sclerostin increased from pre- to 5 min post-exercise (47%, p < 0.05) and returned to baseline within 1 h following the exercise. CTXI increased from pre- to 5 min post-exercise (28%, p < 0.05), then gradually returned to baseline by 48 h. TBARS did not increase significantly from pre- to 5 min post-exercise but significantly decreased from 5 min to 48 h post-exercise. There were no significant correlations between exercise-induced changes in sclerostin and any other marker. In young men, sclerostin’s response to high-intensity interval exercise is independent of impact and is not related to changes in bone turnover and oxidative stress markers.

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Data Availability

Data are available only upon request from the corresponding author for researchers who are eligible for accessing confidential data, as all data of this study are restricted due to the Brock University Research Ethics Board privacy policy.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) grant to P. Klentrou (grant # 2015-04424). R. Kouvelioti holds an Ontario Trillium Scholarship. W. Ward holds a Canada Research Chair in Bone and Muscle Development. The authors would like to thank the participants for participating in this study, all volunteers for their assistance in different parts of the study (D. Brown, R. Sweeney, M. Nasato, A. Theocharidis, S. Pilakka, D. Szkaradek), the phlebotomists (especially C. Watt), and lab coordinators (R. Dotan, J. Gabrie) for their guidance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada

    R. Kouvelioti, B. Falk, W. E. Ward, A. R. Josse & P. Klentrou

  2. Department of Health Science, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, Canada

    P. LeBlanc & W. E. Ward

  3. Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, Canada

    P. LeBlanc, B. Falk, W. E. Ward, A. R. Josse & P. Klentrou

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  1. R. Kouvelioti
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Contributions

RK designed the study, completed all data collection, and prepared the first draft of the paper. PL contributed to the analysis of blood samples. BF, WEW, and ARJ contributed to the experimental design and the interpretation of the data. PK was the supervisor of the research and contributed to the experimental design, data analysis, and interpretation of the data. She is the guarantor. All authors revised the paper critically for intellectual content and approved the final version. All authors agree to be accountable for the work and to ensure that any questions relating to the accuracy and integrity of the paper are investigated and properly resolved.

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Correspondence to P. Klentrou.

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Conflict of interest

R. Kouvelioti, P. LeBlanc, B. Falk, W.E. Ward, A.R. Josse and P. Klentrou have no conflict of interest to declare.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethics approval from our institutional Research Ethics Board (File # 16-016). All participants agreed to participate in this study by signing a consent form.

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Kouvelioti, R., LeBlanc, P., Falk, B. et al. Effects of High-Intensity Interval Running Versus Cycling on Sclerostin, and Markers of Bone Turnover and Oxidative Stress in Young Men. Calcif Tissue Int 104, 582–590 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-019-00524-1

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