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The Role of Circulating Bone Cell Precursors in Fracture Healing

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Abstract

Fracture healing is a complex process that involves several cell types; as a previous report suggested an increase in osteoblast (OB) precursors in peripheral blood during this process, this paper examines the role of circulating bone cell precursors in this process in the light of a prior suggestion that OB precursors are increased. Nine healthy men less than 60 years old with traumatic fractures were enrolled. The parameters circulating OB precursors (osteocalcin+/alkaline phosphatase+/CD15− cells) and osteoclast precursors (CD14+/CD11b+/vitronectin receptor + cells) were measured by flow cytometry; bone formation markers and TGFβ1, by ELISA; and PTH, by RIA in serum on arrival at the emergency department (baseline) and 15 days after fracture. Bone cell precursors behaved differently during healing. TGFβ1 was inversely correlated with OB number, but increased their degree of maturation at baseline. Bone formation markers and TGFβ1 were increased after fracture, whereas PTH was decreased. The TGFβ1 increase was directly correlated with age, whereas age was not correlated with the precursors. In conclusion, we confirm the role of TGFβ1 in fracture healing; and its possible role in the control of pre-OB homeostasis. There was no variation in circulating precursor cells during healing, though the increase in TGFβ1 may suggest increased pre-OB maturation and homing to the injured site.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a grant from the Fondazione Internazionale Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale (FIRMS) Compagnia San Paolo. P. D’Amelio was supported by a fellowship from the Regione Piemonte.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Gerontology, Department of Surgical and Medical Disciplines, University of Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126, Torino, Italy

    Patrizia D’Amelio, Maria Angela Cristofaro, Anastasia Grimaldi, Marco Ravazzoli & Giovanni Carlo Isaia

  2. Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

    Fernanda Pluviano

  3. Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology, CTO-CRF-ICORMA Hospitals, Torino, Italy

    Elena Grosso

  4. Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Torino, Italy

    Gian Piero Pescarmona

  5. Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

    Gian Piero Pescarmona

Authors
  1. Patrizia D’Amelio
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  2. Maria Angela Cristofaro
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  3. Anastasia Grimaldi
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  4. Marco Ravazzoli
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  5. Fernanda Pluviano
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  6. Elena Grosso
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  7. Gian Piero Pescarmona
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  8. Giovanni Carlo Isaia
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Correspondence to Patrizia D’Amelio.

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The authors have stated that they have no conflict of interest.

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D’Amelio, P., Cristofaro, M.A., Grimaldi, A. et al. The Role of Circulating Bone Cell Precursors in Fracture Healing. Calcif Tissue Int 86, 463–469 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-010-9362-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-010-9362-3

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