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Immunohistochemical Characterization of Rapid Dentin Formation Induced by Enamel Matrix Derivative

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the pulpal expression of dentin-related proteins during enamel matrix derivative (EMD)–induced reparative dentin formation in a pulpotomy model in pig incisors. Pulpotomies were performed on 72 lower incisors in 24 adult miniature swine. The exposed pulp tissue was treated with EMD or covered with a calcium hydroxide paste (Dycal®). At predefined time-points, ranging from 4 days to 12 weeks, experimental teeth were extracted and examined by use of light microscopy, and expression of dentin-related proteins in the pulps was investigated by immunohistochemistry, using antibodies against type I collagen, dentin sialoprotein (DSP), sheathlin, and EMD. In all EMD-treated teeth a substantial amount of reparative dentin formation was observed. The amount of reparative dentin in calcium hydroxide–treated teeth was significantly smaller than in EMD-treated teeth (P < 0.005) and was less effective in bridging the pulpal wounds. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that enamel matrix proteins were present in detectable amounts at the application site for about 4 weeks. Moreover, the expression of proteins related to dentin formation in the wounded pulp tissue was about 2 weeks advanced in EMD-treated teeth. These findings demonstrate that enamel matrix molecules have the capacity to induce rapid pulpal wound healing in pulpotomized teeth, and suggest that the longevity and continued presence of enamel matrix macromolecules at the application site can be utilized to stimulate growth and repair of dentin over a period consistent with a favorable clinical outcome.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Professor Lars Hammarström for his valuable and stimulating discussions and constructive criticism during this work. The authors also would like to thank Eva Lundberg, Helena Ekdahl, and Ulla-Britt Carlsson for excellent assistance during the animal and laboratory procedures, and Beata Fabi for her kind help with preparing figures. The work was supported by the EU grant QLK3-CT-2001-00090.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1, Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan

    Y. Nakamura & K. Matsumoto

  2. Biora AB, Medeon Science Park, Malmö SE 205-12, Sweden

    I. Slaby

  3. Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, USA

    H. H. Ritchie

  4. Oral Research Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO box 1109, Blindern, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway

    S. P. Lyngstadaas

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  1. Y. Nakamura
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  2. I. Slaby
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  3. K. Matsumoto
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  4. H. H. Ritchie
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  5. S. P. Lyngstadaas
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Correspondence to Y. Nakamura.

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Nakamura, Y., Slaby, I., Matsumoto, K. et al. Immunohistochemical Characterization of Rapid Dentin Formation Induced by Enamel Matrix Derivative. Calcif Tissue Int 75, 243–252 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-003-0153-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-003-0153-y

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