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Probing attention prioritization during dual-task step initiation: a novel method

Experimental Brain Research volume 234, pages 1047–1056 (2016)Cite this article

Abstract

The present study investigated the attention allocation during reactive stepping using a continuous finger-tapping task. Ten healthy young subjects were recruited to participate in this study. Subjects were required to perform a rapid voluntary step with either left or right leg after hearing an auditory tone while tapping their right index finger on a handhold numeric keypad. Step initiation conditions included simple and choice reaction forward stepping with three variants of continuous tapping task that were: (1) single task—no concurrent finger-tapping task; (2) dual task easy—one-button tapping task; (3) dual task hard—four-button tapping task. Types of anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) were determined by the center of pressure trajectory. Reaction time, APA duration, and stepping latency were compared between APA types and various dual-task conditions. Wavelet analysis was performed on the stimulus-locked finger-tapping data to determine the frequency change of tapping speed related to reactive stepping. Results showed that postural performance was negatively affected only by the high-attention-demanding cognitive task. Significant reduction of finger-tapping speed post-stimulus presentation was observed across all test conditions, indicating attention shift during the execution of a step. In addition, the DTH condition induced early postural prioritization in choice reaction stepping when different motor programs needed to be planned and executed. Error APA also triggered larger deterioration of tapping performance compared to correct APA, indicating the perceived error and the remedial action require additional attentional resources.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to extend acknowledgment to Caleb Hartley for his contributions early in the project. We would also like to thank Dr. Aina Puce for guidance on performing the wavelet analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA

    Ruopeng Sun & John B. Shea

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  1. Ruopeng Sun
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  2. John B. Shea
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Correspondence to Ruopeng Sun.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Sun, R., Shea, J.B. Probing attention prioritization during dual-task step initiation: a novel method. Exp Brain Res 234, 1047–1056 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4534-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4534-z

Keywords

  • Step initiation
  • Dual task
  • Attention
  • Anticipatory postural adjustment
  • Postural control