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Effects of hydration and hyperventilation on cortical complexity

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Abstract

The effects of hydration and hyperventilation on cortical complexity were investigated in a sample of 19 healthy volunteers in a double-blind placebo design using magnetoencephalographic recordings. The subjects were asked to abstain from the intake of liquids 18 h before the study. Spontaneous magnetoencephalograms (MEG) were recorded before and after drinking 750 ml water (WAT group: nine subjects) or saline solution (SAL group: ten subjects) with eyes closed and open and during hyperventilation (HV) with eyes open. The MEG data were analysed using both linear (spectral power) and non-linear (pointwise dimension and largest Lyapunov exponent) algorithms. The prediction that intake of water, because of induced cell swelling, will lead to an increased synchronization and a decreased complexity of the spontaneous MEG during hyperventilation was confirmed. Hyperventilation following the drinking condition produced an increase in all power spectra with a stronger increase of delta and theta power after drinking of water. This synchronization of spontaneous MEG is accompanied by a general significant decrease of cortical complexity, especially after water drinking. Moreover, cortical complexity was inversely related to delta and theta power and partly also to alpha power. The SAL and WAT groups showed different relations between alpha power and dimensional complexity during HV: whereas in the SAL group the correlations between these measures became more negative during HV, they reversed in the WAT group to become positive. The synchronizing effect of hyperventilation, leading to a decrease of cortical complexity, is related in the SAL group to delta, theta and alpha power, whereas in the WAT group only delta and theta activity contribute to a reduction of cortical complexity.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by the Fortuene program of Universitätsklinikum Tuebingen (No. 775-0-0) and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The authors are grateful to J. Dax for assistance with the software and to C. Provenzani for assistance with blood samples. We also thank Daniel de Wet for language correction.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Viktor Müller & Florian Lang

  2. Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Viktor Müller, Niels Birbaumer, Hubert Preißl & Christoph Braun

  3. Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Niels Birbaumer

  4. Kinesiology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, USA

    Gottfried Mayer-Kress

  5. Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Im Stadtwald, Building 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Viktor Müller

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  1. Viktor Müller
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Correspondence to Viktor Müller.

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Müller, V., Birbaumer, N., Preißl, H. et al. Effects of hydration and hyperventilation on cortical complexity. Exp Brain Res 150, 341–355 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-003-1425-5

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