Abstract
We prove the existence of a large class of one parameter families of solutions to the Einstein-Euler equations that depend on the singular parameter \({\epsilon=v_T/c}\) \({(0< \epsilon < \epsilon_0)}\), where c is the speed of light, and v T is a typical speed of the gravitating fluid. These solutions are shown to exist on a common spacetime slab \({M\cong [0,T)\times \mathbb {T}^3}\), and converge as \({\epsilon \searrow 0}\) to a solution of the cosmological Poisson-Euler equations of Newtonian gravity. Moreover, we establish that these solutions can be expanded in the parameter \({\epsilon}\) to any specified order with expansion coefficients that satisfy \({\epsilon}\)-independent (nonlocal) symmetric hyperbolic equations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blanchet, L.: Gravitational Radiation from Post-Newtonian Sources and Inspiralling Compact Binaries. Living Rev. Relativity 9, (2006), 4, available at http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2006-4
Brauer U., Karp L.: Local existence of classical solutions of the system using weighted sobolev spaces of fractional order. Les Comptes l’Académie des Sciences / Série Math. 345, 49–54 (2007)
Brauer U., Rendall A., Reula O.: The cosmic no-hair theorem and the nonlinear stability of homogeneous Newtonian cosmological models. Class. Quant. Grav. 11, 2283–2296 (1994)
Browning G., Kreiss H.O.: Problems with different time scales for nonlinear partial differential equations. SIAM J. Appl. Math. 42, 704–718 (1982)
Chugreev Y.V.: Post-Newtonian approximation of the relativistic theory of gravitation on a cosmological background. Theor. Math. Phys. 82, 328–333 (1990)
Deimling K.: Nonlinear Functional Analysis. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1998)
Futamase T.: Averaging of a locally inhomogeneous realistic universe. Phys. Rev. D 53, 681–689 (1996)
Futamase, T., Itoh, Y.: The Post-Newtonian Approximation for Relativistic Compact Binaries. Living Rev. Relativity 10 (2007), 2, available at http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2007-2
Hwang J., Noh H.: Newtonian versus relativistic nonlinear cosmology. Gen. Rel. Grav. 38, 703–710 (2006)
Hwang J., Noh H., Puetzfeld D.: Cosmological nonlinear hydrodynamics with post-Newtonian corrections. JCAP 3, 10 (2008)
Heilig U.: On the Existence of rotating stars in general relativity. Commun. Math. Phys. 166, 457–493 (1995)
Iriondo M.S., Leguizamón E.O., Reula O.A.: Fast and slow solutions in general relativity: the initialization procedure. J. Math. Phys. 39, 1555–1565 (1998)
Ishibashi A., Wald R.M.: Can the acceleration of our universe be explained by the effects of inhomogeneities?. Class. Quant. Grav. 23, 235–250 (2006)
Klainerman S., Majda A.: Compressible and incompressible fluids. Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 35, 629–651 (1982)
Kreiss H.O.: Problems with different time scales for partial differential equations. Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 33, 399–439 (1980)
Kreiss H.O.: Problems with different time scales. Acta Numerical 1, 101–139 (1991)
Künzle H.P.: Covariant Newtonian limit of Lorentz space-times. Gen. Rel. Grav. 7, 445–457 (1976)
Lottermoser M.: A convergent post-Newtonian approximation for the constraints in general relativity. Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré 57, 279–317 (1992)
Matarrese S., Terranova D.: Post-Newtonian cosmological dynamics in Lagrangian coordinates. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 283, 400–418 (1996)
Oliynyk T.A.: The Newtonian limit for perfect fluids. Commun. Math. Phys. 276, 131–188 (2007)
Oliynyk T.A.: Post-Newtonian expansions for perfect fluids. Commun. Math. Phys. 288, 847–886 (2009)
Oliynyk, T.A.: The fast Newtonian limit for perfect fluids. http://arxiv.org/abs/0908.4455u1[gr-qc], 2009
Rendall A.D.: On the definition of post-Newtonian approximations. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 438, 341–360 (1992)
Rendall A.D.: The Newtonian limit for asymptotically flat solutions of the Vlasov-Einstein system. Commun. Math. Phys. 163, 89–112 (1994)
Rüede C., Straumann N.: On Newton-Cartan cosmology. Helv. Phys. Acta 70, 318–335 (1997)
Schochet S.: Symmetric hyperbolic systems with a large parameter. Comm. Part. Diff. Eqs. 11, 1627–1651 (1986)
Schochet S.: Asymptotics for symmetric hyperbolic systems with a large parameter. J. Diff. Eqs. 75, 1–27 (1988)
Shibata M., Asada H.: Post-Newtonian equations of motion in the flat universe. Prog. Theor. Phys. 94, 11–31 (1995)
Takada M., Futamase T.: Post-Newtonian Lagrangian perturbation approach to the large-scale structure formation. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 306, 64–88 (1999)
Taylor M.E.: Partial differential equations III, nonlinear equations. Springer, New York (1996)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by P. T. Chruściel
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oliynyk, T.A. Cosmological Post-Newtonian Expansions to Arbitrary Order. Commun. Math. Phys. 295, 431–463 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-009-0931-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-009-0931-0