Skip to main content
Log in

The Wilson Loop Observables of Chern-Simons Theory on ℝ3 in Axial Gauge

  • Published:
Communications in Mathematical Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We define the Wilson loop observables (WLOs) for pure Chern-Simons models with base manifold M=ℝ3 rigorously as infinite dimensional oscillatory integrals by exploiting an ‘‘axial gauge fixing’’ and applying certain regularization techniques like ‘‘loop-smearing’’ and ‘‘framing’’. The values of the WLOs can be computed explicitly. If the structure group G of the model considered is Abelian one obtains well-known linking number expressions for the WLOs. If G is Non-Abelian one obtains expressions which are similar but not identical to the state sum representations for the Homfly and Kauffman polynomials by Jones and Turaev.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Albeverio, S., Schäfer, J.: A mathematical Model of Abelian Chern-Simons theory. In: Albeverio, S., Cattaneo, U., Merlini, D. (eds.) Stochastic processes – Physics and Geometry II. Proceedings, Locarno, Singapore: World Scientific, 1995, pp. 86–95

  2. Albeverio, S., Schäfer, J.: Abelian Chern-Simons theory and linking numbers via oscillatory integrals. J. Math. Phys. 36(5), 2135–2169 (1994)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Albeverio, S., Sengupta, A.N.: A Mathematical Construction of the Non-Abelian Chern-Simons Functional Integral. Commun. Math. Phys. 186, 563–579 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Albeverio, S., Sengupta, A.N.: The Chern-Simons functional integral as an infinite dimensional distribution. Nonlinear Anal.Theor. 30, 329–335 (1997)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Altschuler, D., Freidel, L.: Vassiliev knot invariants and Chern-Simons perturbation theory to all orders. Commun. Math. Phys. 187, 261–287 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Atiyah, M.: The Geometry and Physics of Knot Polynomials. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990

  7. Axelrod, S., Singer, I.M.: Chern-Simons perturbation theory. II., J. Differ. Geom. 39 (1), 173–213 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Bar-Natan, D.: Perturbative Chern-Simons theory. J. Knot Theory and its Ramifications 4, 503–547 (1995)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Bar-Natan, D., Witten, E.: Perturbative expansion of Chern-Simons theory with noncompact gauge group. Commun. Math. Phys. 141, 423–440 (1991)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Bauer, H.: Maß - und Integrationstheorie. Hamburg: de Gruyter, 1990

  11. Birman, J.S.: Braids, links, and mapping class groups. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1974

  12. Blau, B., Thompson, G.: Derivation of the Verlinde Formula from Chern-Simons Theory and the G/G model. Nucl. Phys. B 408 (1), 345–390 (1993)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Bott, R., Taubes, C.: On the self-linking of knots. J. Math. Phys. 35 (10), 5247–5287 (1994)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Burde, G., Zieschang, H.: Knots. Hamburg: de Gruyter, 1986

  15. Cattaneo, A., Cotta-Ramusino, P., Fröhlich, J., Martellini, M.: Topological BF theories in 3 and 4 dimensions. J. Math. Phys. 36(11), 6137–6160 (1995)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Chern, S.-S., Simons, J.: Characteristic forms and geometric invariants. Annals of Math. 99, 48–69 (1974)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Cotta-Ramusino, P., Guadagnini, E., Martellini, M., Mintchev, M.: Quantum field theory and link invariants. Nucl. Phys. B 330, 557–574 (1990)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Driver, B.: YM2: Continuum Expectations, Lattice Convergence, and Lassos. Commun. Math. Phys. 123, 575–616 (1989)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Dimock, J., Glimm, J.: Measures on Schwartz Distribution Space and Applications to P(φ)2 Field Theories. Adv. in Math. 12, 58–83 (1974)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Freyd, P., Hoste, J., Lickorish, W., Millett, K., Ocneanu, A., Yetter, D.: A new polynomial Invariant of Knots and Links. Bulletin of the AMS, Vol. 12(2), 239–246 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Fröhlich, J., King, C.: The Chern-Simons Theory and Knot Polynomials. Commun. Math. Phys. 126, 167–199 (1989)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Gross, L., King, C., Sengupta, A.N.: Two-dimensional Yang Mills via stochastic differential equations. Ann. Phys. 194(1), 65–112 (1989)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Guadagnini, E., Martellini, M., Mintchev, M.: Wilson Lines in Chern-Simons theory and Link invariants. Nucl. Phys. B 330, 575–607 (1990)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Hahn, A.: Chern-Simons Theory on ℝ3 in axial Gauge. PhD Thesis, Bonner Schriften Nr. 345, 2001

  25. Hahn, A.: Chern-Simons theory on ℝ3 in axial gauge: a rigorous approach. J. Funct. Anal. 211(2), 483–507 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hahn, A.: Chern-Simons models on S2 × S1, torus gauge fixing, and link invariants. Submitted for publication to J. Geom. Phys.

  27. Hida, T., Kuo, H.-H., Potthoff J., Streit, L.: White Noise. An infinite dimensional Calculus. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1993

  28. Jones, V.F.R.: On knot invariants related to some statistical mechanics models. Pacific J. Math. 137, 311–388 (1989)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Kauffman, L.: Knots. Singapore: World Scientific, 1993

  30. Kondratiev, Y., Leukert, P., Potthoff, J., Streit, L., Westerkamp, W.: Generalized Functionals in Gaussian Spaces – the Characterization Theorem Revisited. J. Funct. Anal. 141(2), 301–318 (1996)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Leukert, P., Schäfer, J.: A Rigorous Construction of Abelian Chern-Simons Path Integrals using White Noise Analysis. Rev. Math. Phys. 8(3), 445–456 (1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Mitoma, I.: One loop approximation of the Chern-Simons integral. Recent developments in infinite-dimensional analysis and quantum probability, Acta Appl. Math. 63, 253–273 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Reshetikhin, N.Y., Turaev, V.G.: Invariants of three manifolds via link polynomials and quantum groups. Invent. Math. 103, 547–597 (1991)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Sengupta, A. N.: Quantum gauge theory on compact surfaces. Ann. Phys. 221(1), 17–52 (1993)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Sengupta, A. N.: Gauge theory on compact surfaces. Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 126 (1997)

  36. Turaev, V.G.: The Yang-Baxter equation and invariants of links. Invent. Math. 92, 527–553 (1988)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Witten, E.: Quantum Field Theory and the Jones Polynomial. Commun. Math. Phys. 121, 351–399 (1989)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Atle Hahn.

Additional information

Communicated by M.R. Douglas

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hahn, A. The Wilson Loop Observables of Chern-Simons Theory on ℝ3 in Axial Gauge. Commun. Math. Phys. 248, 467–499 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-004-1097-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-004-1097-4

Keywords

Navigation