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Detection of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil adulteration using chemometrics based on a flavor fingerprint by HS-GC-IMS

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Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum spore oil (GLSO) that usually blended with other low-cost vegetable oils not only disrupts the market but have negative influences on consumer confidence. Thus, it is urgent to develop a new method based on headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) to identify GLSO adulterated with other commercial vegetable oils. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of 79 volatile substances in adulterated GLSO were isolated by establishing ion mobility spectra and fingerprint plots, and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) technology to identify and classify adulterated GLSO. Results showed that the contents of GLSO characteristic volatile substances decreased as the proportion of adulterated vegetable oil increased. The intensity of characteristic signals in the fingerprint spectrum was significantly reduced, and the identification rate of PCA adulteration could be as low as 5%. In conclusion, adulterated GLSO could be reliably and quickly identified by HS-GC-IMS that has been proved an important analytical technique for evaluating the quality of GLSO.

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All data generated and/or analyzed during this research are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China

    Chunyu Wu, Hu Zhang & Jianbo Sun

  2. Technical Center of Jiangsu Shengshi Kanghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changzhou, 213032, China

    Huimin Zhang

  3. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for Analysis and Testing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China

    Zhe Song

Authors
  1. Chunyu Wu
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  2. Hu Zhang
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  3. Huimin Zhang
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  4. Jianbo Sun
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  5. Zhe Song
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Contributions

Conceptualisation: JS and ZS. Formal analysis: CW, HZ, HZ, and ZS. Investigation: CW and ZS. Methodology: CW and ZS. Project administration: JS. Supervision: JS and ZS. Roles/writing—original: CW. Writing—review and editing: JS.

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Correspondence to Jianbo Sun or Zhe Song.

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Wu, C., Zhang, H., Zhang, H. et al. Detection of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil adulteration using chemometrics based on a flavor fingerprint by HS-GC-IMS. Eur Food Res Technol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-024-04497-w

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