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A novel reagent pre-column derivatization method for UHPLC-MS/MS to determine four α-dicarbonyl compounds in beer

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Abstract

The detection and analysis of α-dicarbonyl compounds (α-DCs) in food can guide the daily diet of patients with various chronic diseases. However, these compounds have poor stability, lack color-generating groups, and have low ionization efficiency. Therefore, it is difficult to monitor them. We established a new simple and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of four α-DCs, including glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MG), 2,3-butanedione (DMGO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) in beer by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with pre-column derivatization using 3-benzyl-2-oxo-4λ3-thiazolidine-4-carbohydrazide (BOTC), a novel MS probe for targeted identification of carbonyl compounds. α-DCs were derivatized with BOTC at 60 °C for 60 min, and the gradient analysis was carried out on a CSH C18 (2.1 mm × 50 mm; 1.7 μm) column for 5 min with a mobile phase A of 0.1% formic acid (FA) in water and mobile phase B of 0.1% FA in acetonitrile. The linearity range of this method was 0.39–500 μM (R2 ≥ 0.9995). The limits of detection (LOD) were in the range of 13–50 fmol. The average recoveries of α-DCs were 95.15–101.67%. This method was successfully applied to the detection of α-DCs in beer; the content of 3-DG was the highest, several hundred times higher than that of GO, MG, and DMGO, and the difference was significant. This new BOTC derivatization-based UHPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection of four α-DCs in beer is highly sensitive and can be used for the detection of α-DCs in alcoholic beverages.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160234), the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province of China (YDZJ202201ZYTS596). We thank Bullet Edits Limited for the linguistic editing and proofreading of the manuscript.

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  1. Zai-Gang Han and Lingli Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, 132011, China

    Zai-Gang Han

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China

    Lingli Zhang, Chao Qi, Qing Shi & Jun Zhe Min

  3. Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China

    Lingli Zhang, Chao Qi, Qing Shi & Jun Zhe Min

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  1. Zai-Gang Han
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  2. Lingli Zhang
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Correspondence to Qing Shi or Jun Zhe Min.

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Han, ZG., Zhang, L., Qi, C. et al. A novel reagent pre-column derivatization method for UHPLC-MS/MS to determine four α-dicarbonyl compounds in beer. Eur Food Res Technol 249, 2017–2027 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-023-04269-y

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