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Recent insights, applications and prospects of xylose reductase: a futuristic enzyme for xylitol production

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Abstract

Xylose reductase (XR) is an intermediate inducible enzyme of xylose metabolism responsible for the reduction of xylose into xylitol. It is an intracellular enzyme present in various facultative bacteria, yeasts, molds and algae in their cytoplasm. The active site of enzyme is polar in nature which is responsible for acid–base catalysis. The enzyme is folded into (β/α)8 barrel and its substrate specificity is through C-terminal region. XR is an emerging industrially important food enzyme due to its major application in production of xylitol. Xylitol has shown remarkable applications in other industrial sectors such as food, biofuels, pharmaceutical, medical, odontological, textiles and cosmetics. This enzyme has been purified and characterized to understand its physico-chemical properties and stability. Further, robust microbial strains with tolerance towards high substrate concentration and toxic compounds are required to be developed for successful exploitation of XR at industrial level using agrowaste materials.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to University Grants Commission, New Delhi for financial support in the form of Major Research Project on Xylitol. The authors are also thankful to Department of Biotechnology and Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha Library, Punjabi University, Patiala, for providing necessary facilities and access to technical and scientific literature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India

    Yogita Lugani & Balwinder Singh Sooch

  2. Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia

    Munish Puri

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  1. Yogita Lugani
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  2. Munish Puri
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  3. Balwinder Singh Sooch
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Correspondence to Balwinder Singh Sooch.

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Lugani, Y., Puri, M. & Sooch, B.S. Recent insights, applications and prospects of xylose reductase: a futuristic enzyme for xylitol production. Eur Food Res Technol 247, 921–946 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-020-03674-x

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