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Acylglycerol synthesis including EPA and DHA from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) belly flap oil and caprylic acid catalyzed by Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase under supercritical carbon dioxide

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Abstract

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) was studied as a medium for the esterification of eicosapentaenoic acid (n-3 C20:5, EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (n-3 C22:6, DHA) and caprylic acid (C8:0, CA) in structured triacylglycerols (sTAG) using Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase as biocatalyst. Process variables (n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid: CA, n-3 LCPUFA:CA content ratio), glycerol content (wt. %), and supercritical time, temperature and pressure were optimized by the Response Surface Methodology through a central composite design of 25–1 + star. Synthesis of sTAG with EPA, DHA and CA under SCCO2 was significantly affected by the n-3 LCPUFA:CA content ratio and supercritical time. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry revealed that acylglycerols with the highest levels of EPA or DHA content in the sn-2 position were obtained when the following variables conditions were applied: 50% (n-3 LCPUFA:CA content ratio), 40 °C (supercritical temperature), 20 MPa (supercritical pressure), 4 h (supercritical time) and 20.0 wt. % (glycerol concentration). For such experimental conditions, esterification catalyzed by Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase under supercritical carbon dioxide allowed obtaining sTAG synthesized with 54.95% of CA, 11.64% of EPA and 13.77% of DHA.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, FONDECYT program (Government of Chile) (Grant number 1120627) and the Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Santiago, Chile

    M. Elsa Pando, Alicia Rodríguez, M. Macarena Berríos, Matías Rivera & Nalda Romero

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Santiago, Chile

    M. Antonieta Valenzuela

  3. Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Studies for the Development of Chemistry (CEPEDEQ), University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Santiago, Chile

    Andrés Barriga

  4. Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain

    Santiago P. Aubourg

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  1. M. Elsa Pando
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  2. Alicia Rodríguez
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  3. M. Antonieta Valenzuela
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  4. M. Macarena Berríos
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  8. Santiago P. Aubourg
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Contributions

Conceptualization: MEP and AR; methodology: MEP, AR, MMB, MR, NR, and AB; formal analysis and investigation: MEP, AR, MMB, MR, and AB; writing—original draft preparation: MEP, AR, MAV, and SPA; writing—review and editing: AR, MAV, and SPA; funding acquisition: AR; resources: AR sand NR; Supervision: AR and MAV.

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Correspondence to Alicia Rodríguez.

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Pando, M.E., Rodríguez, A., Valenzuela, M.A. et al. Acylglycerol synthesis including EPA and DHA from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) belly flap oil and caprylic acid catalyzed by Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase under supercritical carbon dioxide. Eur Food Res Technol 247, 499–511 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-020-03643-4

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