Abstract
Drip loss from thawed, pressure-shift-frozen longissimus dorsi pork was not different from drip loss from fresh meat samples, while cryogen-frozen (using liquid nitrogen at −70 °C) and air-frozen (−20 °C) pork both had significantly higher drip loss (12%) upon thawing when compared to pressure-shift-frozen and fresh pork (4%). Pressure-shift-frozen pork was discolored, with a significant decrease in CIE redness parameter a*, and showed signs of denaturation upon visual inspection. A high molecular weight protein band (Mw 97,000) characteristic for gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for drip from fresh, air-frozen, and cryogen-frozen pork was not present in drip from pressure-shift-frozen pork. Ice crystals in the frozen pork, as evaluated by image analysis of cavities in digitized pictures from light microscopy of 14 μm-thick meat slices (cut transverse to the fiber direction) embedded in tissue wax following treatment with Carnoy’s fixative and ethanol, increased in the order: pressure-shift-frozen<cryogen-frozen<air-frozen pork. Meat structure, as evaluated visually following thawing, deviated from fresh meat structure only for pressure-shift-frozen pork. It is accordingly concluded that pressure denaturation of meat proteins is more important for structure appearance than growth of ice crystals, and that protein denaturation increases water-binding capacity in pressure-shift-frozen pork.
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Acknowledgements
Dr. Annette Schäfer, Dr. Peter Purslow, Dr. Vibeke Dantzer and Gunnel Holden are thanked for helpful advises in the laboratory and discussions throughout the project. The work was part of a collaboration project between LMC-Center for Advanced Food Studies and Danish Meat Research Institute sponsored by Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries.
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Hansen, E., Appelgren Trinderup, R., Hviid, M. et al. Thaw drip loss and protein characterization of drip from air-frozen, cryogen-frozen, and pressure-shift-frozen pork longissimus dorsi in relation to ice crystal size. Eur Food Res Technol 218, 2–6 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-003-0824-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-003-0824-y